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Impact of global warming on Antarctic and Arctic seaweeds - consequences for community structure and spatial distribution

全球变暖对南极和北极海藻的影响 - 对群落结构和空间分布的影响

基本信息

批准号：
219368052
负责人：
Dr. Katharina Zacher-Aued
金额：
--
依托单位：
Sektion Marine Biogeowissenschaften
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Infrastructure Priority Programmes
财政年份：
2012
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2011-12-31 至 2017-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/219368052?language=en
关键词：
Impact global warming Antarctic Arctic

项目摘要

The Western Antarctic Peninsula (WAP) and the Arctic region are experiencing the fastest rates of global warming worldwide. Surface waters at the WAP have warmed by more than 1 °C since the 1950s and are predicted to warm further into the next century at both regions. In the Polar Regions brown seaweeds build highly complex and productive underwater forests, being an essential part of the polar ecosystem. The young developmental algal stages (propagules) are the most sensitive stage in a life-cycle of an alga, forming the bottle-neck for a successful survival of the species. In this context most studies focussed on single factor experiments, there is a general lack of experimental designs testing the interplay of abiotic and biotic factors. No information on interactive effects of temperature, sedimentation and grazing on the germination and recruitment success of polar brown algal propagules is available to date. Therefore, we will carry out multi-factorial experiments on propagules of ecologically important seaweed species and early successional communities at Potter Cove (WAP), Kongsfjorden (Spitsbergen) and in the home laboratories, in order to indicate the most important drivers for successful reproduction. The aim of this study is to combine the results from the multi-factorial laboratory experiments on single species with results from community research and multifactorial GIS-based habitat modeling to get a more precise picture of how the changing environmental conditions will alter the polar seaweed communities, including comparisons between Antarctic and Arctic regions in an interdisciplinary approach.

西南极半岛(WAP)和北极地区正经历着全球变暖速度最快的地区。自20世纪50年代以来，WAP的地表水已经变暖了1摄氏度以上，预计这两个地区的地表水将在下个世纪进一步变暖。在极地地区，棕色海藻建造高度复杂和高产的水下森林，是极地生态系统的重要组成部分。幼年发育的藻类阶段(繁殖体)是藻类生命周期中最敏感的阶段，构成了物种成功生存的瓶颈。在这种背景下，大多数研究都集中在单因素实验上，普遍缺乏测试非生物和生物因素相互作用的实验设计。到目前为止，还没有关于温度、沉积和放牧对极地褐藻繁殖体萌发和补充成功的交互影响的信息。因此，我们将在Potter Cove(WAP)、Kongsfjorden(Spitsbergen)和家庭实验室对具有重要生态意义的海藻物种和早期演替群落的繁殖进行多因素实验，以指出成功繁殖的最重要驱动因素。这项研究的目的是将单物种多因素实验室实验的结果与群落研究和基于多因素地理信息系统的栖息地建模的结果相结合，以更准确地了解环境条件变化将如何改变极地海藻群落，包括在跨学科方法中对南极和北极地区进行比较。