权益分类	功能权益	普通用户	{{item.name}}会员
{{category.name}}	{{benefitItem.name}}

Genetic mapping of the Midas cichlid GOLD locus

Midas cichlid GOLD 基因座的遗传图谱

基本信息

批准号：
219669982
负责人：
Professor Dr. Axel Meyer
金额：
--
依托单位：
Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2012
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2011-12-31 至 2016-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/219669982?language=en
关键词：
Genetic mapping Midas cichlid GOLD

项目摘要

The question of how new species arise has been at the centre of evolutionary biological research ever since Darwin. Despite widespread interest in the genetics of speciation, only a handful of genes that contribute to species isolation have been discovered so far. Cichlid fishes have the fastest known rate of speciation and therefore are well-suited model organisms for the study of speciation. The Midas cichlids of Central America were recently shown to have diverged in the absence of geographic isolation through ecological specialization and by colour-based assortative mating. Several species come in two colour morphs: normal (also called "barred" or "dark") and "gold". Gold and nornial fish choose mates based on colour and very strongly prefer mates of their own colour over individuals with a different colouration. However, virtually nothing is known about the genetic basis of the colour differences and especially, the mating preference for colour. Knowledge about the genetic bases of these important phenotypic differences is crucial for a deeper understanding of how this difference in colouration has evolved and how it promotes speciation. The cause of pigmentation differences in these fish will also provide insights into the genetics of human pigmentation disorders since all fish start out as "dark" morphs and only the genetically gold individuals lose their melanophores later in life. Previous results from my laboratory show that the gold phenotype is dominant and is likely due to a single gene. We have mapped it already to a genomic region that contains only about 10 to 15 genes. Taking advantage of recent technological and methodological developments, this project aims to positionally fine-map,p identify and functionally validate the gene/mutation(s) responsible for the gold colour in the Midas cichlid - a gene that is involved in the origin of new species.

自达尔文以来，新物种如何产生的问题一直是进化生物学研究的中心。尽管人们对物种形成的遗传学产生了广泛的兴趣，但迄今为止，只有少数有助于物种隔离的基因被发现。慈鲷科鱼类的物种形成速度最快，因此是研究物种形成的理想模式生物。中美洲的迈达斯慈鲷最近被证明已经分歧，在没有地理隔离，通过生态专业化和基于颜色的选择性交配。有几个物种有两种颜色：正常（也称为“条纹”或“黑暗”）和“金色”。金鱼和白鲑根据颜色选择配偶，并且非常强烈地喜欢自己颜色的配偶，而不是具有不同颜色的个体。然而，几乎没有人知道颜色差异的遗传基础，特别是对颜色的交配偏好。了解这些重要的表型差异的遗传基础对于更深入地了解这种颜色差异是如何进化的以及它如何促进物种形成至关重要。这些鱼的色素差异的原因也将提供对人类色素障碍遗传学的见解，因为所有的鱼都是从“黑暗”形态开始的，只有遗传上的黄金个体在以后的生活中失去了黑色素细胞。我的实验室以前的结果表明，金表型是显性的，可能是由于一个单一的基因。我们已经将其定位在一个仅包含10到15个基因的基因组区域。利用最近的技术和方法的发展，该项目旨在定位精细映射，p识别和功能验证负责米达斯慈鲷金色的基因/突变-一个参与新物种起源的基因。