Research in High Energy Physics on the CMS Experiment

高能物理CMS实验研究

• 批准号: 1506130
• 负责人: Neeti Parashar
• 金额: $ 40.77万
• 依托单位: Purdue University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-05-15 至 2020-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1506130&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Research; Energy; Physics; CMS; Experiment

One of the major intellectual achievements of the 20th century was the development of the Standard Model (SM) of particle physics. This model succeeded in classifying all of the elementary particles known at the time into a hierarchy of groups having similar quantum properties. The validity of this model to date was recently confirmed by the discovery of the Higgs boson at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at the CERN laboratory near Geneva Switzerland. However, the Standard Model as it currently exists leaves open many questions about the universe, including such fundamental questions as to why the mass of the Higgs boson has the value it has. To answer these questions it is necessary to go beyond the present picture of the Universe described by the Standard Model to the next phase of development, Beyond the Standard Model (BSM). Investigations in BSM physics probe such questions as why matter dominates over anti-matter in the Universe, the values of the masses of the fundamental constituents of matter, the quarks and the leptons, the size of the mixings among the quarks, and separately among the leptons, and the properties of dark matter. The LHC is currently one of the foremost facilities for answering Beyond the Standard Model questions and studying the properties of the Higgs boson, and the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) detector at the LHC has as one of its primary functions to discover new physics beyond the Standard Model. The work proposed here will contribute to the upgrade necessary to handle the higher energy of the newly-restarted LHC and to analyze data from the CMS experiment to look for BSM physics through the search for two candidate theoretical particles for BSM physics, a heavy charged Higgs boson and the so-called Wprime particle. This award will fund two aspects of the CMS experiment: 1) further searches for BSM physics and 2) help build the CMS Phase I forward pixel detector upgrade, which will enhance the ability of CMS to discover BSM physics. The physics studies enabled by this award are the searches for Wprime and Heavy Charged Higgs, two candidate theoretical particles for BSM physics. The presence of a signal in any of these channels would have profound impact on our understanding of particle physics, while establishing its absence would provide important constraints on models of physics beyond the Standard Model. The CMS Forward pixel upgrade will allow the precise vertex location, needed for all physics studies, even in the harsh environment (very high luminosity) expected in near future LHC running. The CMS Forward Pixel Detector uses state-of-the art silicon technology for particle detection combined with equally sophisticated readout electronics. Innovative techniques of radiation hard technology and bump bonding have been used in the current detector to meet the real estate challenges in a high radiation environment. These techniques would greatly enhance the life span of detectors used in outer space research and improve bio-sensing miniature devices for medical applications.

世纪的主要学术成就之一是粒子物理学标准模型（SM）的发展。该模型成功地将当时已知的所有基本粒子分类为具有相似量子特性的组的层次结构。最近，在瑞士日内瓦附近的欧洲核子研究中心实验室的大型强子对撞机（LHC）上发现的希格斯玻色子证实了这一模型的有效性。然而，目前存在的标准模型留下了许多关于宇宙的问题，包括为什么希格斯玻色子的质量具有它的价值等基本问题。要回答这些问题，就必须超越标准模型所描述的宇宙的当前图景，进入下一个发展阶段，即超越标准模型（Beyond the Standard Model，BSM）。 BSM物理学的研究探索了这样的问题，为什么物质在宇宙中占主导地位，物质的基本成分，夸克和轻子的质量值，夸克之间的混合物的大小，以及轻子之间的混合物，以及暗物质的性质。 LHC是目前回答超越标准模型问题和研究希格斯玻色子性质的最重要的设施之一，LHC的紧凑μ子螺线管（CMS）探测器的主要功能之一是发现超越标准模型的新物理。这里提出的工作将有助于处理新重启的LHC的更高能量所需的升级，并分析CMS实验的数据，通过寻找BSM物理学的两个候选理论粒子，重荷希格斯玻色子和所谓的Wprime粒子来寻找BSM物理学。该奖项将资助CMS实验的两个方面：1）进一步搜索BSM物理和2）帮助建立CMS第一阶段前向像素探测器升级，这将增强CMS发现BSM物理的能力。该奖项支持的物理学研究是寻找Wprime和Heavy Charged Higgs，这是BSM物理学的两种候选理论粒子。在这些通道中的任何一个通道中存在信号都将对我们对粒子物理的理解产生深远的影响，而确定它的缺失将对标准模型之外的物理模型提供重要的约束。CMS Forward像素升级将允许所有物理研究所需的精确顶点位置，即使在不久的将来LHC运行所预期的恶劣环境（非常高的光度）中。CMS正向像素检测器采用先进的硅技术进行粒子检测，并结合同样复杂的读出电子设备。目前的探测器采用了抗辐射技术和凸点键合等创新技术，以满足高辐射环境下的真实的房地产挑战。这些技术将大大提高外层空间研究中使用的探测器的寿命，并改进用于医疗应用的微型生物传感装置。