Chemical Transformations of Engineered Nanomaterials in the Environment: Fundamental Studies on Plant-Nanomaterial Interactions

环境中工程纳米材料的化学转化：植物-纳米材料相互作用的基础研究

• 批准号: 1506295
• 负责人: Diana Aga
• 金额: $ 46.7万
• 依托单位: SUNY at Buffalo
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-09-01 至 2019-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1506295&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Chemical; Transformations; Engineered; Nanomaterials; Environment

With this award, the Environmental Chemical Sciences Program of the Division of Chemistry is funding Professor Diana Aga and Professor Mary A Bisson of the University at Buffalo to investigate the influence of plants on the surface chemistry, fate and toxicity of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) that are becoming widely used in many industrial, agricultural and consumer products. Plants are among the organisms that will be directly impacted by ENMs entering the environment, therefore an improved understanding of the uptake mechanisms and translocation of ENMs by plants is needed to facilitate the assessment of potential risks associated with environmental contamination by ENMs. The broader impacts of this work include the generation of fundamental knowledge that is critical in developing new regulations to minimize the negative impacts of ENMs, and in promoting compatibility between environmental safety and nanotechnology. Experiments in environmental science are being developed for a science summer camp geared toward middle school children who are disabled and/or economically disadvantaged. The research team is also introducing educational materials to area high school teachers on the applications and implications of nanotechnology that can be incorporated into the high school science curriculum.To achieve these goals, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are used as model ENM and Arabidopsis thaliana serves as the model plant species in the series of experiments that are being performed to elucidate the mechanisms of internalization and transformation of AgNPs in plants. This research identifies important interactions between AgNPs and natural organic compounds in plant root exudates that result in surface modifications and changes in the speciation of ENMs. The composition of root exudates from Arabidopsis thaliana, and the changes that occur when plant is treated with AgNPs are being characterized using Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry. Wild type and mutant species Arabidopsis are used to determine the role of endocytosis mechanism and metal transporters in the uptake of ENMs. The localization and speciation of Ag in the plant cells are being determined by X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy and time of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry.

化学系的环境化学科学项目将资助布法罗大学的Diana Aga教授和Mary A Bisson教授研究植物对工程纳米材料(ENM)表面化学、命运和毒性的影响，ENM正被广泛应用于许多工业、农业和消费品中。植物是将受到ENM进入环境的直接影响的生物之一，因此，需要更好地了解植物对ENM的吸收和转移机制，以促进与ENM环境污染相关的潜在风险的评估。这项工作的更广泛影响包括基础知识的产生，这些知识对于制定新的法规以最大限度地减少环境卫生管理的负面影响以及促进环境安全和纳米技术之间的兼容性至关重要。环境科学实验正在为一个面向残疾和/或经济困难的中学生的科学夏令营而开发。研究小组还向当地高中教师介绍了纳米技术的应用和影响，可以纳入高中科学课程。为了实现这些目标，正在进行的一系列实验中，使用纳米银(AgNPs)作为模型ENM，拟南芥作为模式植物物种，以阐明AgNPs在植物中的内化和转化机制。这项研究确定了AgNPs与植物根分泌物中天然有机化合物之间的重要相互作用，这些相互作用导致了ENM的表面修饰和形态变化。用傅里叶变换离子回旋共振质谱仪研究了拟南芥根系分泌物的组成，以及用AgNPs处理植物时所发生的变化。野生型和突变型拟南芥被用来确定内吞作用机制和金属转运体在ENMS摄取中的作用。用X射线吸收光谱、精细结构光谱和飞行时间二次离子质谱仪确定了银在植物细胞中的定位和形态。