Chemical Transformations of Engineered Nanomaterials in the Environment: Fundamental Studies on Plant-Nanomaterial Interactions

环境中工程纳米材料的化学转化：植物-纳米材料相互作用的基础研究

• 批准号: 1506295
• 负责人: Diana Aga
• 金额: $ 46.7万
• 依托单位: SUNY at Buffalo
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-09-01 至 2019-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1506295&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Chemical; Transformations; Engineered; Nanomaterials; Environment

With this award, the Environmental Chemical Sciences Program of the Division of Chemistry is funding Professor Diana Aga and Professor Mary A Bisson of the University at Buffalo to investigate the influence of plants on the surface chemistry, fate and toxicity of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) that are becoming widely used in many industrial, agricultural and consumer products. Plants are among the organisms that will be directly impacted by ENMs entering the environment, therefore an improved understanding of the uptake mechanisms and translocation of ENMs by plants is needed to facilitate the assessment of potential risks associated with environmental contamination by ENMs. The broader impacts of this work include the generation of fundamental knowledge that is critical in developing new regulations to minimize the negative impacts of ENMs, and in promoting compatibility between environmental safety and nanotechnology. Experiments in environmental science are being developed for a science summer camp geared toward middle school children who are disabled and/or economically disadvantaged. The research team is also introducing educational materials to area high school teachers on the applications and implications of nanotechnology that can be incorporated into the high school science curriculum.To achieve these goals, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are used as model ENM and Arabidopsis thaliana serves as the model plant species in the series of experiments that are being performed to elucidate the mechanisms of internalization and transformation of AgNPs in plants. This research identifies important interactions between AgNPs and natural organic compounds in plant root exudates that result in surface modifications and changes in the speciation of ENMs. The composition of root exudates from Arabidopsis thaliana, and the changes that occur when plant is treated with AgNPs are being characterized using Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry. Wild type and mutant species Arabidopsis are used to determine the role of endocytosis mechanism and metal transporters in the uptake of ENMs. The localization and speciation of Ag in the plant cells are being determined by X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy and time of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry.

有了这个奖项，化学部的环境化学科学计划资助教授戴安娜阿加和教授玛丽比森的大学在布法罗调查植物的表面化学，命运和毒性的工程纳米材料（ENM），正在成为广泛使用在许多工业，农业和消费品的影响。 植物是进入环境的ENM直接影响的生物体之一，因此，需要更好地了解植物对ENM的吸收机制和转运，以促进ENM对环境污染的潜在风险评估。 这项工作的更广泛的影响包括产生基础知识，这对于制定新法规以最大限度地减少ENM的负面影响以及促进环境安全和纳米技术之间的兼容性至关重要。正在为面向残疾和/或经济困难的中学生的科学夏令营开发环境科学实验。该研究小组还向地区高中教师介绍了有关纳米技术应用和影响的教育材料，这些材料可以纳入高中科学课程。银纳米粒子作为ENM模型，拟南芥作为一系列实验中的模型植物物种，这些实验正在进行，以阐明植物中的AgNPs 这项研究确定了重要的AgNPs和天然有机化合物之间的相互作用，在植物根系分泌物，导致表面改性和变化的ENMs的物种。拟南芥根分泌物的组成，以及植物处理时发生的变化与AgNPs正在使用傅立叶变换离子回旋共振质谱的特点。野生型和突变体拟南芥被用来确定内吞机制和金属转运蛋白在摄取ENM中的作用。利用X射线吸收精细结构谱和飞行时间二次离子质谱研究了银在植物细胞中的定位和形态。