Technologies for One Water in Extremely Resilient-buildings (TOWER)

韧性极强的建筑（塔楼）中的“一水”技术

• 批准号: 2230728
• 负责人: Diana Aga
• 金额: $ 150万
• 依托单位: SUNY at Buffalo
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-11-01 至 2025-10-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2230728&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Technologies; Water; Extremely; Resilient; buildings

Part 1.This project proposes to build collaborations between US researchers and international partners from five countries - Philippines, United Arab Emirates, Costa Rica, Egypt, Taiwan. From drought to flooding, water is central to the discussion of urban climate resilience. Existing, centralized urban water systems are unlikely to meet the growing water stress due to climate variability. Buildings are essential elements of the built urban environment. The proposed TOWER project envisions extremely resilient-buildings across a wide range of climate and geographic zones; these buildings can self-sustain in water supply and disposal during normal occupancy and rapidly recover from disasters. The research team will: (1) acquire critical knowledge in water quality in buildings, especially on disinfection byproducts, a group of harmful compounds that may be prevalent in water-efficient buildings, (2) develop innovative and efficient advanced oxidation treatment technologies to reuse wastewater and stormwater; (3) design novel polymer materials to capture water vapor efficiently; and (4) develop guidance for implementation of these novel technologies in extremely resilient buildings. The project embraces the “One Water” concept that recognizes the interconnectivity of water resources. The educational activities in this PIRE project utilize the “persistence framework,” which integrates early research experience, learning communities, and active learning. This approach has been shown to increase retention of underrepresented minority students, while improving all students’ academic performance. In addition to offering training opportunities to graduate and undergraduate students, the project will provide science outreach to middle and high school students, and increase the science literacy of the general public. The education activities parallel the interdisciplinary research collaboration among architecture, chemistry, environmental engineering, and chemical engineering. The undergraduate, graduate, and outreach education opportunities all contribute to building a climate-aware workforce. Part 2.This project is expected to have transformative impacts on enabling net zero water buildings. To safely achieve close-loop potable water reuse in buildings across different climates, innovative and reliable treatment systems must be developed to expand the sources for water reuse to include wastewater and stormwater, along with a thorough understanding of the quality and their health risks of the treated water within the building. The research team will utilize state-of-the-art high resolution mass spectrometry to investigate the occurrence, formation, and transformation of disinfection byproducts. They will build models to enable “smart” advanced oxidation processes that can be optimized for building-scale applications; the models will bridge fundamental radical chemistry with system performance. The proposed effort towards efficient and scalable water vapor harvesting focuses on the most critical system component: the water sorbent. Using a zwitterionic molecule-based platform, the researchers will engineer novel temperature-switchable polymers at the molecular scale. Lastly, building on the technology advancement and leveraging the international collaboration, the team will develop a framework to guide the implementation of extremely-resilient buildings based on building practices, occupancy, water usage profile, climate zone, and socio-cultural parameters. The research team will analyze plumbing and health regulatory documents related to water harvest across our testing sites to identify opportunities for guidance in regulatory updates. Through international collaboration, the research team will be uniquely positioned to accelerate scientific and technology advancement globally.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

第一部分：本计画拟与菲律宾、阿拉伯联合大公国、哥斯达黎加、埃及、台湾五个国家的国际合作伙伴建立合作关系。从干旱到洪水，水是城市气候适应力讨论的核心。现有的集中式城市供水系统不太可能满足由于气候多变而日益增长的用水压力。建筑物是城市建成环境的重要组成部分。拟议的TOWER项目设想在广泛的气候和地理区域内建造非常舒适的建筑物;这些建筑物可以在正常使用期间自我维持供水和处理，并迅速从灾害中恢复。研究小组将：（1）获得建筑物水质方面的关键知识，特别是消毒副产品，这是一组可能在节水建筑中普遍存在的有害化合物，（2）开发创新和高效的高级氧化处理技术，以再利用废水和雨水;（3）设计新型聚合物材料，以有效地捕获水蒸气;以及（4）为在极有弹性的建筑物中实施这些新技术制定指南。该项目采用“一水”概念，承认水资源的相互关联性。这个PIRE项目的教育活动利用了“持久性框架”，它整合了早期研究经验、学习社区和主动学习。这一方法已被证明可以提高代表性不足的少数民族学生的保留率，同时提高所有学生的学习成绩。除了为研究生和本科生提供培训机会外，该项目还将为初中和高中学生提供科学宣传，并提高公众的科学素养。教育活动与建筑，化学，环境工程和化学工程之间的跨学科研究合作并行。本科生，研究生和推广教育机会都有助于建立气候意识的劳动力。第二部分：该项目预计将对实现净零水建筑产生变革性影响。为了在不同气候的建筑物中安全地实现闭环饮用水再利用，必须开发创新和可靠的处理系统，以扩大水再利用的来源，包括废水和雨水，沿着对建筑物内处理水的质量及其健康风险的全面了解。研究小组将利用最先进的高分辨率质谱仪来研究消毒副产物的发生、形成和转化。他们将建立模型，以实现“智能”高级氧化过程，可以针对建筑规模的应用进行优化;这些模型将连接基本自由基化学与系统性能。为实现高效和可扩展的水蒸气收集而提出的努力集中在最关键的系统组件：水吸附剂。使用基于两性离子分子的平台，研究人员将在分子尺度上设计新型温度可切换聚合物。最后，在技术进步的基础上，利用国际合作，该团队将制定一个框架，根据建筑实践、占用率、用水情况、气候带和社会文化参数来指导极端弹性建筑的实施。研究团队将分析与我们测试地点的水收获相关的管道和健康监管文件，以确定监管更新的指导机会。通过国际合作，该研究团队将处于独特的地位，以加速全球科学和技术的进步。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并已被认为是值得支持的评估使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准。