UNS: Spatial and Temporal Variability in CDOM by Optical Remote Sensing: Effects on Water Quality, Water Treatment, and Aquatic Ecosystem Properties

1510332 Hozalski溶解有机物存在于所有天然沃茨中，发色溶解有机物是许多天然沃茨中最丰富的部分，特别是在有湿地的森林流域。溶解有机物和发色溶解有机物通过其动员金属和疏水化学品的能力强烈影响水质，作为活性光化学中间体的来源，并控制许多水生生态系统过程。溶解性有机物在处理厂中形成消毒副产物，对安全饮用水的生产产生负面影响。该项目将改进程序，利用新的（Landsat 8）和即将发射的卫星从卫星图像中检索有色溶解有机物，从而大大提高对有色溶解有机物的了解。该项目将使第一次普查级评估的发色溶解有机物水平在一个大的区域，包括三个主要的生态区的上中西部。这个多学科项目的目标是利用团队的光学遥感能力与现代现场和实验室技术：（i）大大提高对分布、时间趋势、和环境因素影响溶解有机物和有色溶解有机物的水平在地表沃茨和（ii）推进了解其来源-与它们引起水处理问题的可能性相关的依赖特性。建议的具体目标是：（1）开发可靠的方程，从卫星图像中检索有色溶解有机物数据，并使用结果为三个上中西部生态区的所有湖泊开发普查级有色溶解有机物数据;（2）使用历史Landsat图像调查美国北方湖泊有色溶解有机物的长期趋势;（3）确定景观特性、气候和有色溶解性有机物水平和特性之间的关系;（4）阐明溶解性有机物特性与水处理效果之间的关系。拟议的研究将为多达六个人提供教育福利：博士后研究员，研究生研究助理和2-4名本科生。PI将为区域水管理机构的管理人员组织讲习班，并在州会议和公民湖泊协会会议上作介绍。项目成果将用于更新大量使用的湖水清澈度公共数据库（http：water.umn.edu），以纳入发色溶解有机物普查和时间趋势数据及其与公民的相关性。网站的其他改进包括一个博客和一个供公民提问和分享信息的互动界面。最后，我们将探索几种可能性，允许公民收集发色溶解有机物数据，包括低技术的色轮比较器和手机应用程序。公民参与将是该项目的关键组成部分。

1510332 Hozalski Dissolved organic matter occurs in all natural waters, and chromophoric dissolved organic matter is the most abundant fraction in many natural waters, especially in forested watersheds with wetlands. Dissolved organic matter and chromophoric dissolved organic matter strongly affects water quality through its ability to mobilize metals and hydrophobic chemicals, serve as a source of reactive photochemical intermediates, and control many aquatic ecosystem processes. Dissolved organic matter has negative effects on production of safe drinking water resulting from the formation is disinfection by-products in treatment plants. This project will dramatically improve the state of knowledge on chromophoric dissolved organic matter by refining procedures to retrieve chromophoric dissolved organic matter from satellite imagery, using the new (Landsat 8) and forthcoming satellites. This project will enable the first census-level assessment of chromophoric dissolved organic matter levels across a large region comprising three major ecoregions of the Upper Midwest. The goals of this multidisciplinary project are to leverage the teams optical remote sensing capabilities with modern field and lab techniques to: (i) dramatically improve understanding of the distribution, time trends, and environmental factors affecting Dissolved organic matter and chromophoric dissolved organic matter levels in surface waters and (ii) advance understanding of their source-dependent characteristics relevant to their potential to cause water treatment problems. With specific objectives of the proposed to: (1) develop robust equations to retrieve chromophoric dissolved organic matter data from satellite imagery and use the results to develop census-level chromophoric dissolved organic matter data for all lakes in three Upper Midwest ecoregions; (2) investigate long-term trends in lake chromophoric dissolved organic matter in the northern US using historical Landsat imagery; (3) determine relationships between landscape properties, climate and chromophoric dissolved organic matter levels and characteristics; and (4) elucidate relationships between dissolved organic matter characteristics and effects on water treatment. The proposed research will provide educational benefits for up to six individuals: a postdoctoral researcher, graduate research assistant, and 2-4 undergraduate students. The PIs will organize workshops for managers of regional water management agencies and make presentations at state conferences and meetings of citizen-based lake associations. Project results will be used to update a heavily used public database of lake water clarity (http://water.umn.edu) to include the chromophoric dissolved organic matter census and time-trend data and their relevance to citizens. Additional enhancements to the web site include a blog and an interactive interface for citizens to ask questions and share information. Finally, we will explore several possibilities to permit citizens to gather chromophoric dissolved organic matter data, including a low-tech color wheel comparator and cellphone app. Citizen engagement will be a key component of the project.