权益分类	功能权益	普通用户	{{item.name}}会员
{{category.name}}	{{benefitItem.name}}

RAPID collaborative proposal: Will corals recover from bleaching under ocean acidification conditions?

RAPID 合作提案：珊瑚会在海洋酸化条件下从白化中恢复吗？

基本信息

批准号：
1514859
负责人：
Andrea Grottoli
金额：
$ 15.84万
依托单位：
Ohio State University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2015
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2015-01-15 至 2016-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1514859&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
RAPID collaborative proposal Will corals

项目摘要

Following the second hottest month on record since the 1940s, water temperatures near the main Hawaiian Islands reached 30 °C in October 2014. The result of this 2 °C increase above normal temperatures has been a severe bleaching event across the Hawaiian Archipelago. In Kaneohe Bay, 75% of the dominant coral species are bleached. Bleaching is a stress response whereby corals lose their symbiotic algae and turn white. Prolonged bleaching can lead to disease, decreases in coral growth and reproduction, and even death. In addition, rising atmospheric levels of carbon dioxide cause the oceans to become more acidic and potentially less hospitable to coral reefs. By the end of this century, seawater is predicted to be twice as acidic as it is today. The current bleaching event in Hawaii provides a rare opportunity to test the ability of corals to recover under the acidic ocean conditions expected by the end of this century. This research compares the recovery rate of bleached corals in normal seawater to those exposed to more acidic seawater. The results will inform which species or reef regions are more resilient to global change conditions and thus better targets for protection. The results will be particularly relevant to management of the Papahanaumokuakea Marine National Monument and World Heritage site. It will also provide critical data input for models that project the persistence of reefs in the future. Educationally, the research will provide a dynamic learning and training environment for students and a post-doctoral researcher. Minority students will be recruited and trained in marine science providing them with excellent career options in STEM disciplines. Results will be broadly disseminated through publications, classroom visits, public outreach and online media. Coral reefs are among the most diverse ecosystems on the planet, housing an estimated 25% of marine species. Massive coral bleaching poses a substantial threat to the integrity of coral reef habitats, and is predicted to be the major source of mortality for reefs under future climate model scenarios. Although previous work on the recovery of corals from bleaching sets the groundwork for this project, it remains to be seen how recovery from bleaching will be impacted by climate change and ocean acidification. This project takes advantage of the natural difference in baseline temperature and seawater acidity conditions between Kaneohe Bay and Waimanalo Bay, HI. Both these sites are impacted by the massive bleaching event. This research will test the recovery rate of bleached corals in normal seawater to that of bleached corals exposed to more acidic seawater. Three questions will be addressed: 1) Will ocean acidification slow rates of recovery from bleaching?; 2) Does zooplankton feeding minimize the impact of bleaching?; and 3) Do corals acclimated to warmer, more acidic conditions (Kaneohe Bay) recover more quickly than corals at present day mean oceanic conditions (Waimanalo Bay)? The project integrates techniques across the disciplines of ecology, physiology, evolution, and genomics. The research will help to identify characteristics of resilient coral species or populations that are more likely to survive bleaching events in the future.

继 2014 年 10 月有记录以来第二个最热的月份之后，夏威夷主要岛屿附近的水温在 2014 年 10 月达到了 30°C。比正常温度高出 2°C 的结果导致整个夏威夷群岛发生了严重的白化事件。在卡内奥赫湾，75% 的主要珊瑚物种已经白化。白化是珊瑚失去共生藻类并变白的一种应激反应。长期白化会导致疾病、珊瑚生长和繁殖减少，甚至死亡。此外，大气中二氧化碳含量的上升导致海洋变得更加酸性，并且可能不太适合珊瑚礁。到本世纪末，海水的酸度预计将是现在的两倍。目前夏威夷的白化事件提供了一个难得的机会来测试珊瑚在本世纪末预计的酸性海洋条件下恢复的能力。这项研究比较了正常海水中的白化珊瑚与暴露于酸性海水中的白化珊瑚的恢复率。结果将表明哪些物种或珊瑚礁区域对全球变化条件的适应能力更强，从而成为更好的保护目标。研究结果将与帕帕哈瑙莫夸基亚海洋国家纪念碑和世界遗产地的管理特别相关。它还将为预测未来珊瑚礁持续存在的模型提供关键数据输入。在教育方面，该研究将为学生和博士后研究员提供一个动态的学习和培训环境。少数族裔学生将被招募并接受海洋科学方面的培训，为他们提供 STEM 学科的绝佳职业选择。结果将通过出版物、课堂参观、公共宣传和在线媒体广泛传播。珊瑚礁是地球上最多样化的生态系统之一，栖息着大约 25% 的海洋物种。大规模珊瑚白化对珊瑚礁栖息地的完整性构成重大威胁，预计将成为未来气候模型情景下珊瑚礁死亡的主要来源。尽管之前关于珊瑚白化恢复的工作为该项目奠定了基础，但气候变化和海洋酸化将如何影响珊瑚白化恢复仍有待观察。该项目利用了卡内奥赫湾和夏威夷州怀马纳洛湾之间基线温度和海水酸度条件的自然差异。这两个地点都受到大规模白化事件的影响。这项研究将测试正常海水中白化珊瑚的恢复率与暴露于酸性海水中的白化珊瑚的恢复率。将解决三个问题：1）海洋酸化会减缓白化恢复速度吗？ 2）浮游动物喂养是否可以最大限度地减少白化的影响？ 3) 适应更温暖、更酸性条件（卡内奥赫湾）的珊瑚是否比目前平均海洋条件（怀马纳洛湾）的珊瑚恢复得更快？该项目整合了生态学、生理学、进化和基因组学等学科的技术。这项研究将有助于确定更有可能在未来白化事件中幸存下来的有弹性的珊瑚物种或种群的特征。