Doctoral Dissertation Research: Citizenship Obligations in an Age of Rights

博士论文研究：权利时代的公民义务

• 批准号: 1519088
• 负责人: Kwai Ng
• 金额: $ 0.65万
• 依托单位: University of California-San Diego
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-03-01 至 2019-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1519088&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Citizenship; Obligations

SES-1519088Kwai NGJane L. LopezUniversity of California-San DiegoWhat is citizenship? Most media attention around citizenship focuses on rights -- the right to live freely in a country, the right to trial by jury, the right to education, and the right to social security and other social welfare benefits -- and access to those rights by both citizens and non-citizens. But citizenship is also composed of obligations, duties citizens must fulfill to the state in order for citizenship to function. In order to guarantee the right to trial by a jury of one's peers, citizens must serve as jurors; taxes paid by citizens are necessary to fund social welfare programs. In an era of rights-centered rhetoric and policy, this project seeks to re-examine the true substance of citizenship by studying the four legally-enforceable U.S. citizenship obligations -- jury duty, taxation, military service (the draft), and K-12 education -- and evaluating their ongoing role in making citizenship viable. This project will reassert the relevance of citizenship obligations in understanding the true meaning, function, and value of citizenship as a whole. The findings from this project will help explain how citizenship obligations are created, who fulfills them, how they are related to citizenship rights, and their role in sustaining the citizenship regime. Furthermore, this project will improve our understanding the role of citizenship obligations in fostering citizen investment and engagement with the state, clarifying the steps that lawmakers and citizens should take in order to improve the citizenship experience.Researchers of social movements, politics, national and international phenomena, migration, and the law have found that citizenship -- or "the right to have rights" bestowed by a state upon its members (Chief Justice Warren in Trop v. Dulles 1958) -- plays a key role in individual and group sense of belonging and the success of states. But as Chief Justice Warren's definition suggests, citizenship obligations have been greatly overshadowed in academic research and public discourse by citizenship rights, despite their equal significance in sustaining the citizenship relationship. Through a theoretically-grounded, mixed-methods research design, this project will examine the unique characteristics of each legally-enforceable U.S. citizenship obligation -- taxation, military service, jury duty, and education -- and their implications for citizenship theory and the citizenship experience. Utilizing a combination of quantitative, historical, and discourse analysis, this project will seek to answer the following questions, among others: How are citizenship obligations created and who fulfills them? Are citizenship obligations relevant in an age of rights and, if so, how? This project will address a gaping hole in the academic literature on citizenship. While most citizenship scholars have been content to "understand" citizenship as a whole from only the perspective of rights, this project will reassert the relevance of citizenship obligations in understanding the true meaning, function, and value of citizenship as a whole. The findings from this project will help explain how citizenship obligations are created, who fulfills them, how they are related to citizenship rights, and their role in sustaining the citizenship regime. This project provides both a theoretical and empirical case to the sociological cannon that will help answer some of the most basic questions about citizenship obligations, highlighting the importance of investigating both sides of the citizenship relationship. Furthermore, this project will improve our understanding the role of citizenship obligations in fostering citizen investment and engagement with the state, clarifying the steps that lawmakers and citizens should take in order to improve the citizenship experience and ensure its viability in the twenty-first century and beyond.

SES-1519088Kwai NGJane L.加州大学圣地亚哥分校什么是公民身份？大多数媒体对公民身份的关注集中在权利上-在一个国家自由生活的权利、由陪审团审判的权利、受教育的权利、社会保障和其他社会福利的权利-以及公民和非公民获得这些权利的机会。但公民身份也是由义务组成的，公民必须对国家履行义务，以使公民身份发挥作用。为了保障由同龄人组成的陪审团审判的权利，公民必须担任陪审员;公民缴纳的税款是资助社会福利计划所必需的。在一个以权利为中心的言论和政策的时代，该项目旨在通过研究四个法律上可执行的美国公民义务-陪审团义务，税收，兵役（草案）和K-12教育-并评估其在使公民身份可行的持续作用，重新审视公民身份的真正实质。该项目将重申公民义务的相关性，以了解公民的真正含义，功能和价值。该项目的研究结果将有助于解释公民义务是如何产生的，谁来履行这些义务，它们如何与公民权利相关，以及它们在维持公民制度中的作用。此外，该项目将提高我们对公民义务在促进公民投资和参与国家方面的作用的理解，阐明立法者和公民应该采取的步骤，以改善公民体验。社会运动，政治，国家和国际现象，移民，法律发现，公民身份--或国家赋予其成员的“享有权利的权利”，（首席大法官沃伦在特罗普诉杜莱1958年）--在个人和群体的归属感和国家的成功中起着关键作用。但是，正如首席大法官沃伦的定义所表明的那样，公民权利在学术研究和公共话语中大大掩盖了公民义务，尽管它们在维持公民关系方面具有同等重要性。通过理论基础，混合方法的研究设计，该项目将研究每个法律上可执行的美国公民义务的独特特征-税收，兵役，陪审团义务和教育-及其对公民理论和公民经验的影响。利用定量，历史和话语分析相结合，该项目将寻求回答以下问题，其中包括：公民义务是如何产生的，谁来履行这些义务？在一个权利时代，公民义务是否相关，如果相关，如何相关？该项目将解决公民身份学术文献中的一个巨大漏洞。虽然大多数公民身份学者已经满足于从权利的角度来“理解”公民身份作为一个整体，但本项目将重申公民身份义务在理解公民身份作为一个整体的真正意义、功能和价值方面的相关性。该项目的研究结果将有助于解释公民义务是如何产生的，谁来履行这些义务，它们如何与公民权利相关，以及它们在维持公民制度中的作用。该项目为社会学大炮提供了理论和实证案例，有助于回答有关公民义务的一些最基本的问题，突出了调查公民关系双方的重要性。此外，该项目将提高我们的公民义务在促进公民投资和参与国家的作用的理解，澄清立法者和公民应该采取的步骤，以改善公民的经验，并确保其在二十一世纪及以后的可行性。