SBIR Phase I: Dendrimers for Fast-Drying, High-Solids, Nonisocyanate Coatings which Yield High Wear Resistance Finishes

SBIR 第一阶段：用于快干、高固体分、非异氰酸酯涂料的树枝状聚合物，可产生高耐磨涂层

• 批准号: 1519691
• 负责人: RANDY CAMERON
• 金额: $ 15万
• 依托单位: INSTRUMENTAL POLYMER TECHNOLOGIES, LLC
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-07-01 至 2015-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1519691&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SBIR; Phase; Dendrimers; Fast; Drying

The broader impact/commercial potential of this Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) Phase I project is to help coatings companies meet the goals of the EPA for reducing the amount of solvent and toxic isocyanate used in the large automotive, yachts and aviation refinish markets. In doing so it will also bring back polymer manufacturing to the United States, which has largely moved to Europe. The vehicle refinish markets have a difficult time moving towards using less solvent in their coatings because such coatings generally require a long time to dry. This leads to collection of dust in the high gloss finish, which then needs to be sanded and buffed. The nanotechnolgy of this project will constitute solid spherical polymers, known as dendrimers, which liquefy with only a small amount of solvent. The technology of this project will be enthusiastically accepted by the repaint facilities because the one component fast drying capability of the coatings will reduce the energy use of heat curing and will reduce waste they have from mixing multicomponent coatings. This technology will also reduce the painter's exposure to the toxic isocyanates currently used to cure polyurethane coatings. The intellectual merit of this project, in its broadest sense, is to demonstrate that the complex molecular structure required for nanotechnology, and particularly the cell like structure of spherical dendrimers, can be most cost effectively produced by using a biomimetic process in which the specific shape evolves with time during its production. Dendrimers are currently very expensive because they are made in the step by step process of classic chemistry. Their use is therefore generally limited to markets like medicine or electronics which can afford their high cost. This project attempts to prove that this need not be the case. More specifically this project will break the general assumption that high solids coatings require longer times to dry and increase costs. The spherical shape of these dendrimers will be used to demonstrate that low viscosity, sprayable coatings can be created using very little solvent, but can lacquer dry within minutes at ambient conditions into a hard coating upon evaporation of the solvent.

这个小型企业创新研究（SBIR）第一阶段项目的更广泛的影响/商业潜力是帮助涂料公司实现EPA的目标，减少大型汽车，游艇和航空修补市场中使用的溶剂和有毒异氰酸酯的量。在这样做的过程中，它还将把聚合物制造业带回美国，而美国在很大程度上已经转移到欧洲。 车辆修补市场难以在其涂料中使用更少的溶剂，因为这种涂料通常需要长时间干燥。这会导致灰尘在高光泽度的面漆中聚集，然后需要打磨和抛光。该项目的纳米技术将构成固体球形聚合物，称为树枝状聚合物，仅用少量溶剂即可溶解。该项目的技术将被重新喷漆设施热情接受，因为涂料的单组分快速干燥能力将减少热固化的能源使用，并减少混合多组分涂料的浪费。这项技术还将减少油漆工接触目前用于固化聚氨酯涂料的有毒异氰酸酯。 从最广泛的意义上说，该项目的智力价值是证明纳米技术所需的复杂分子结构，特别是球形树枝状聚合物的细胞样结构，可以通过使用仿生过程最经济有效地生产，其中特定形状在其生产过程中随时间而演变。树枝状聚合物目前非常昂贵，因为它们是在经典化学的一步一步过程中制备的。因此，它们的使用通常限于能够负担其高成本的市场，如医药或电子产品。本项目试图证明情况并非如此。更具体地说，该项目将打破高固体涂料需要更长时间干燥和增加成本的一般假设。 这些树枝状聚合物的球形形状将用于证明可以使用非常少的溶剂产生低粘度的可喷涂涂层，但是可以在环境条件下在溶剂蒸发后在几分钟内漆干成硬涂层。