SBIR Phase I: Platform-Independent Full-Body Computational Human Phantom

这个SBIR第一阶段项目将创建、开发和传播一个有信誉的、自动精确的、独立于平台的计算人类幻影。计算幻影将包括大约120个单独的组织部件，以有限元三角形表面网格的形式，总共约13万个三角形。每个组织部分将从国家医学图书馆的可见人类项目-女性数据集中提取。这个开放和免费的研究和教育资源将向所有大学和私人实体提供研究申请。该模型将主要用于MRI和手机安全建模、现代电磁诊断和治疗工具、身体和身体天线、无线身体传感器、生物医学微波成像以及组织工程和生物医学成像。幻影或其部件可用于任何领先的商业电磁，声学和热模拟器，或用于定制研究应用。幻影将拥有一整套跨平台兼容性和计算效率所必需的拓扑特征。每个原始组织三角形表面网格将严格是2流形或薄壳（无非流形面，无非流形顶点，无孔，无自交）。任何组织网格都不会有任何与其他组织表面接触的三角形切面。在不同的组织表面之间总是会有一个（小）间隙。这个间隙将在物理上代表分离不同组织的薄膜。在数字上，它将对应于一个“平均身体”容器，它将包含器官和组织，并将保证不同计算机辅助设计格式之间的兼容性。这样就形成了彼此完全封闭的组织，如灰质内的白质，皮质骨壳内的松质骨等。这些组织也不会接触或相交。每个组织三角形表面网格将具有几乎相同的分割精度（分辨率）和允许的最小表面三角形网格尺寸。整个幻影和单个组织三角形表面网格将以二进制、NASTRAN、PLY和STL格式提供。幻影将增强一组电磁组织特性，覆盖范围从1000赫兹到60千兆赫。

This SBIR Phase I project will create, develop, and disseminate a reputable and atomically-accurate, platform-independent computational human phantom. The computational phantom will include about 120 individual tissue parts in the form of finite-element triangular surface meshes with approximately 130,000 triangles total. Each tissue part will be extracted from the Visible Human Project-Female dataset of the National Library of Medicine. This open and free of charge research and education resource will be made for research applications to all universities and private entities. The phantom will be primarily intended for modeling MRI and cellphone safety, modern electromagnetic diagnostic and therapeutic tools, on-body and in-body antennas, wireless body sensors, biomedical microwave imaging, as well as tissue engineering and biomedical imaging. The phantom or its parts can be used in any of the leading commercial electromagnetic, acoustic, and thermal simulators, or in custom research applications.The phantom will possess a full set of topological characteristics necessary for cross-platform compatibility and computational efficiency. Each original tissue triangular surface mesh will be strictly 2-manifold or thin-shell (no non-manifold faces, no non-manifold vertices, no holes, and no self-intersections). No tissue mesh will have any triangular facets in contact with other tissue surfaces. There will always be a (small) gap between the distinct tissue surfaces. This gap will physically represent thin membranes separating distinct tissues. Numerically, it will correspond to an 'average body' container(s), which will enclose organs and tissues, and will guarantee compatibility between different Computer-aided design formats. Tissues will be created that are fully enclosed within each other, such as the white matter inside the gray matter, cancellous bone inside a cortical bone shell, etc. These tissues will also neither touch nor intersect. Each tissue triangular surface mesh will have nearly the same segmentation accuracy (resolution) and the minimum surface triangular mesh size allowed. The entire phantom and the individual tissue triangular surface meshes will be made available in binary, NASTRAN, PLY, and STL formats. The phantom will be augmented with a set of electromagnetic tissue properties covering the range from 1000 Hz to 60 GHz.