Robust earthquake source scaling and seismic efficiency for intermediate depth and deep earthquakes at global and regional scales

地震对世界各地的社区构成重大威胁。其中一种地震通常被称为深地震，主要发生在日本、阿拉斯加、卡斯卡迪亚和南美洲的俯冲带。尽管它们占全球地震总数的25%左右，但到目前为止，我们还不清楚导致这些地震发生的机制。在拟议的研究中，我们将结合全球观测和来自各自国家的国家地震台网的现有区域观测，研究两个深震活跃区域，即墨西哥和智利。我们不仅将确定地震的震级，还将确定完整的能量预算，这些预算可以描述这些地震的开始和发展方式，并最终限制驱动机制。我们的观察和分析将提供基本的参数，这些参数可以帮助实验室实验比较和推断他们对现实地球的观察结果，更好地预测智利和墨西哥未来大的深层地震的地面运动，并减轻其他地区的地震危险。最近对深层和中深层地震的研究提出了关于这些地震可能涉及的机制的新问题[Prieto等人，2013；詹等人2014；bbb10等人，2014]。我们建议利用远震距离的宽带地震台站，在全球尺度上扩展完整地震能量收支的测定。由于在这些距离检索高频的能力有限，因此只分析了M5.5级地震[Poli和Prieto， 2014]。因此，我们将在区域尺度上至少包括两个有中深度和深地震记录的地区（例如，墨西哥，智利），这将允许对M3.5进行准确分析。为了准确地分析震源过程，既需要确定静态震源参数（包括震级、持续时间和破裂大小），也需要确定辐射地震能量和破裂速度等动态参数。有了这些参数，就有可能确定地震破裂时的能量分配。我们希望能够将观测到的变化与相关俯冲板块的地球动力学特性联系起来，更好地约束深地震破裂的物理机制[例如Yamasaki &； Seno, 2003, Reynard et al., 2010 Green, 2015]。

Earthquakes pose a significant hazard to communities worldwide. One type of earthquakes that are generally known as deep earthquakes, mostly occur along subduction zones in Japan, Alaska, Cascadia, and South America to name a few. Even though they represent about 25% of the total number of earthquakes worldwide, as of yet, we do not clearly understand the mechanism that allow this earthquakes to occur. In the proposed research we will study two of the active regions in terms of deep earthquakes, México and Chile, combining both global observations and available regional observations from the national seismic networks of the respective countries. We will determine not only the magnitude of the events but also the complete energy budgets that can describe the way in which these earthquakes start and grow, and ultimately constrain the driving mechanism. Our observations and analysis will provide fundamental parameters that may help laboratory experiments compare and extrapolate their observations to a realistic Earth, better predict the ground motions of future large deep earthquakes in Chile and Mexico and mitigate seismic hazard in other regions as well. Recent work on deep and intermediate-depth earthquakes has raised new questions about possible mechanisms involved in these earthquakes [Prieto et al., 2013; Zhan et al 2014; Meng et al, 2014]. We propose to extend the determination of the complete earthquake energy budget at global scales, using broadband seismic stations at teleseismic distances. Because of the limited ability of retrieving high frequencies at these distances, only earthquakes with M5.5 are analyzed [Poli and Prieto, 2014]. Therefore, we will include at least two areas with records of intermediate-depth and deep earthquakes at regional scales (e.g., Mexico, Chile) that will allow for accurate analysis of M3.5. For an accurate analysis of the earthquake source process, it is necessary to determine both static source parameters - including magnitude, duration and rupture size - and dynamic parameters like radiated seismic energy and rupture velocity. With these parameters it will be possible to determine the energy partitioning during earthquake rupture. We hope to be able to relate our observed variations with geodynamical properties of the associated subducted slabs and better constrain the physical mechanism involved in deep earthquake rupture [e.g. Yamasaki & Seno, 2003, Reynard et al., 2010 Green, 2015].