Collaborative Research: CompSustNet: Expanding the Horizons of Computational Sustainability

合作研究：CompSustNet：拓展计算可持续性的视野

• 批准号: 1521687
• 负责人: Thomas Dietterich
• 金额: $ 140万
• 依托单位: Oregon State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-12-15 至 2021-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1521687&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; CompSustNet; Expanding; Horizons

Poverty, saving species, repowering the world with renewable energy, lifting people up to live better lives - there are no easy answers to guiding our planet on the path toward sustainability. Complex problems require sophisticated solutions. They involve intricacy beyond human capabilities, the kind of big-data processing and analysis that only advanced large-scale computing can provide. This NSF Expedition in Computing launches CompSustNet (http://www.compsust.net), a vast research network powered by the nation's recognized university computer science programs, charged with applying the emerging field of computational sustainability to solving the world's seemingly unsolvable resource problems. Put simply, the project will enlist some of the top talents in computing, social science, conservation, physics, materials science, and engineering to unlock sustainable solutions that safeguard our planet's future.Computational Sustainability is, at its core, the belief that with sufficiently advanced computational techniques, we can devise sustainable solutions that meet the environmental, societal, and economic needs of today while providing for future generations. In much the same way IBM's supercomputer Watson could defeat any challenger in Jeopardy!, computational sustainability posits that a computer-engineered solution can be applied to world's difficult and challenging problems - from helping farmers and herders in Africa survive severe droughts to developing a smart power grid fueled entirely by renewable energy. CompSustNet is a large national and international multi-institutional research network led by Cornell University and including 11 other US academic institutions: Bowdoin, Caltech, CMU, Georgia Tech, Howard University, Oregon State, Princeton, Stanford, UMass, University of South California, and Vanderbilt University, as well as collaborations with several international universities. But CompSustNet is not just an academic enterprise, as it also includes key governmental and non-governmental organizations that specialize in conservation, poverty mitigation, and renewable energy, such as The Nature Conservancy, The World Wildlife Fund, The International Livestock Research Institute, The Trans-African Hydro-Meteorological Observatory, and the National Institute of Standards and Technology.CompSustNet's core mission is to significantly expand the horizons of computational sustainability and foster the advancement of state-of-the-art computer science to achieve the scale to tackle global problems. Research will focus on cross-cutting computational topics such as optimization, dynamical models, simulation, big data, machine learning, and citizen science, applied to sustainability challenges. For example, computational sustainability is being put to work to resolve the problem of providing wetlands for shorebirds that migrate from the Arctic through California during a time of drought. As California gets drier, the shorebirds have nowhere to stop, rest, and refuel by eating wetland invertebrates. Scientists are developing new dynamic precision conservation techniques that use complex, big-data models to tackle the problem with NASA satellite imagery, meteorological forecasts, and citizen science in the form of thousands of bird location sightings from the Cornell Lab of Ornithology's eBird checklisting app for birdwatchers. Through partnership with The Nature Conservancy, the program forecasts when and where wetland habitat would be needed for shorebirds, and the Conservancy pays Central Valley rice farmers to flood their fields at opportune times - providing benefits for birds and farmers at a time when extreme drought is making life tough for both. In similar ways, computational sustainability projects will also be hard at work innovating automated monitoring networks to protect endangered elephant population from poachers, promoting the discovery of novel ways to harvest energy from sun light, and designing algorithms to manage the generation and storage of renewable energy in the power grid. Advancements in computational sustainability will lead to novel, low-cost, high-efficiency strategies for saving endangered species, helping indigenous peoples improve their way of life, and scaling renewables up to meet 21st century energy demand. CompSustNet is like the seed, the venture capital, to help the field of computational sustainability achieve what's possible.

贫穷，拯救物种，用可再生能源重新养活世界，使人们过上更好的生活 - 没有简单的答案来指导我们的星球走上通往可持续性的道路。复杂的问题需要复杂的解决方案。它们涉及超越人类能力的复杂性，这种大型计算能够提供的大数据处理和分析。这项在计算中的NSF探险启动Compsustnet（http://www.compsust.net），这是一个由美国公认的大学计算机科学计划提供支持的庞大的研究网络，负责应用计算可持续性的新兴领域，以解决世界上看似不可偿还的不可分割的资源问题。简而言之，该项目将获得计算，社会科学，保护，物理，材料科学和工程的一些顶级才能，以解锁可持续的解决方案，以保护我们星球的未来可持续性，这是一种核心，即以高级先进的计算技术的核心，我们可以在满足环境需求的情况下，以提供可持续的解决方案，同时为环境而建立社会需求，并为我们提供社会需求，并为此提供了未来，并提供了未来的未来。 IBM的超级计算机沃森（Watson）可能会击败危险！的任何挑战者，计算可持续性认为，可以将计算机工程的解决方案应用于世界上困难且具有挑战性的问题 - 从帮助非洲的农民和牧民生存到严重的干旱到完全由可再生能源开发出智能电源的智能电源。 Compsustnet是由康奈尔大学（Cornell University）领导的大型国家和国际多机构研究网络，包括美国其他11个学术机构：Bowdoin，Caltech，CMU，Georgia，Georgia Tech，Howard University，Howard University，Oregon State，Princeton，Princeton，Stanford，Stanford，UMASS，UMASS，UMASS，UMASS，南加州大学，南加州大学和Vanderbilt University和Vanderbilt University，以及与几个国际大学的合作。 But CompSustNet is not just an academic enterprise, as it also includes key governmental and non-governmental organizations that specialize in conservation, poverty mitigation, and renewable energy, such as The Nature Conservancy, The World Wildlife Fund, The International Livestock Research Institute, The Trans-African Hydro-Meteorological Observatory, and the National Institute of Standards and Technology.CompSustNet's core mission is to significantly expand the计算可持续性的视野并促进了最先进的计算机科学发展，以达到解决全球问题的规模。研究将重点介绍计算主题，例如优化，动力学模型，模拟，大数据，机器学习和公民科学，应用于可持续性挑战。 例如，正在努力解决计算可持续性，以解决为在干旱时期从北极向加利福尼亚迁移的栖息地提供湿地的问题。随着加州越来越干燥，岸鸟无处可通过吃湿地无脊椎动物来停止，休息和加油。科学家正在开发新的动态精确保护技术，这些技术使用复杂的大数据模型来解决NASA卫星图像，气象学预测和公民科学的问题，以鸟类学的ebird ebird Checklasting App App的康奈尔实验室的数千个鸟类位置的形式形式。通过与自然保护协会的合作关系，该计划预测沿岸鸟类需要湿地栖息地的何时何地，并且保护保险公司向中央谷水稻农民付费，以便在适当的时候淹没他们的田野 - 在极端干旱使两者都艰难的生活时，为鸟类和农民提供福利。以类似的方式，计算可持续性项目也将很难进行工作创新，以保护自动化的监测网络，以保护濒临灭绝的大象人免受偷猎者的侵害，促进从Sun Light中收获能量的新颖方法，并设计算法来管理电网中可再生能源的产生和存储。计算可持续性的进步将导致新颖，低成本，高效的策略来节省濒危物种，帮助土著人民改善其生活方式，并扩大可再生能源，以满足21世纪的能源需求。 Compsustnet就像种子，风险投资，以帮助计算可持续性领域实现可能的事物。