NSF 15-022 Fate of aerosolized Nanoparticles: The influence of surface active substances on lung deposition and respiratory effects (NANOaers)

NSF 15-022 雾化纳米颗粒的命运：表面活性物质对肺沉积和呼吸效应的影响 (NANOaers)

• 批准号: 1530767
• 负责人: Joseph Brain
• 金额: $ 28.93万
• 依托单位: Harvard University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-08-15 至 2020-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1530767&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: NSF; 15; 022; Fate; aerosolized

Brain, Joseph1530767Nanotechnology has expanded dramatically during the past decades. While maximizing benefits, there is also a need to minimize risks of nanotechnology. One of the current major research areas in nanotechnology is to optimize novel properties of nanomaterials to improve quality of life. The PIs will study examples of public and workplace exposures to nanoparticles specifically those containing either silver (Ag) or cerium (Ce). Both are inexpensive and produced in large quantities. Silver-containing nanoparticles are used in medical supplies, cosmetics and textiles for their ability to kill microorganisms. Nanoparticles containing cerium oxide are used to polish glass mirrors, computer chips, and ophthalmic lenses. The PIs seek to develop techniques to explain nanoparticle behavior and control human exposures during production, use, and disposal of these products. An important feature of this proposal is that it involves researchers from the United States in an international consortium that includes Germany, Romania, Austria, and Spain. As a result the PIs will better understand how that affects the phospholipids and proteins that bind to particle surfaces and how that influences their ultimate fate and biological effects.The PIs will characterize human exposures to novel nanoparticles. The research project will use models and exposure scenarios to elucidate the mechanisms underlying inhalation of nanoparticles. The project will involve exploration of where inhaled nanoparticles deposit, how fast they migrate from lungs, and to what extent they cross the air-blood barrier and thus have access to other organs. A key issue is particle interactions since mixtures are commonplace. Nanoparticle exposures are is often combined with particles that are larger and with a variety of chemicals and vapors. This project will explore what happens to particles after they deposit deep in the lungs. The PIs will measure how the size, morphology, and surface composition of nanoparticles determine the specific proteins and phospholipids that bind to their surface. In turn, this binding activity will determine the fate of and biologic responses to nanoparticles. The research objective is to integrate these data to better predict risks from nanomaterials for humans or the environment.

Brain，Joseph1530767纳米技术在过去几十年里得到了巨大的发展。在最大化效益的同时，还需要最小化纳米技术的风险。当前纳米技术的主要研究领域之一是优化纳米材料的新特性以提高生活质量。 PI 将研究公众和工作场所接触纳米颗粒的例子，特别是那些含有银 (Ag) 或铈 (Ce) 的纳米颗粒。两者均价格低廉且大批量生产。含银纳米粒子因其杀死微生物的能力而被用于医疗用品、化妆品和纺织品。含有氧化铈的纳米颗粒用于抛光玻璃镜、计算机芯片和眼镜片。 PI 寻求开发技术来解释纳米粒子的行为并控制人类在这些产品的生产、使用和处置过程中的接触。该提案的一个重要特点是，它涉及一个国际联盟中的美国研究人员，该联盟包括德国、罗马尼亚、奥地利和西班牙。因此，PI 将更好地了解这如何影响与颗粒表面结合的磷脂和蛋白质，以及如何影响它们的最终命运和生物效应。PI 将描述人类接触新型纳米粒子的特征。该研究项目将使用模型和暴露场景来阐明吸入纳米颗粒的机制。该项目将涉及探索吸入的纳米颗粒沉积的位置、它们从肺部迁移的速度以及它们在多大程度上穿过气血屏障从而进入其他器官。一个关键问题是粒子相互作用，因为混合物很常见。纳米颗粒暴露通常与较大的颗粒以及各种化学品和蒸气结合在一起。该项目将探索颗粒沉积在肺部深处后会发生什么。 PI 将测量纳米颗粒的尺寸、形态和表面组成如何决定与其表面结合的特定蛋白质和磷脂。反过来，这种结合活性将决定纳米颗粒的命运和生物反应。研究目标是整合这些数据，以更好地预测纳米材料对人类或环境的风险。