Collaborative Research: Laboratory Investigations of Particle-Organic Vapor Interactions: Effects on Particle Formation, Growth, and Properties

合作研究：颗粒-有机蒸气相互作用的实验室研究：对颗粒形成、生长和特性的影响

• 批准号: 1536939
• 负责人: Paul Davidovits
• 金额: $ 31.82万
• 依托单位: Boston College
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-07-15 至 2019-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1536939&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Laboratory; Investigations; Particle

This project is a collaborative effort among four institutions to improve understanding of the fundamental life cycle of atmospheric aerosol. The effort focuses on processes for the formation of very small particles in the atmosphere over a range of conditions. The goal of the proposed studies is to facilitate more accurate predictions of the influence of these particles on climate by conducting laboratory measurements that reduce uncertainties related to modeling their formation, growth and atmospherically important properties.Together the project team has extensive capabilities that include the ability to produce primary aerosol particles such as soot and secondary organic aerosol (SOA), measure and control the particle size and mass distributions, control oxidative aging of such particles via hydroxyl radical and ozone reactions over equivalent atmospheric lifetimes ranging from hours to multiple days, control production of both inorganic and organic particle coatings, measure the chemical composition of gas- and condensed-phase organic compounds, measure the cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) activity of generated particles, and measure particle optical properties.The proposed three-year laboratory research program will provide detailed information on relevant physiochemical properties of SOA as a function of oxidative processing, including interactions of gas-phase precursors with the condensed SOA. The SOA particles will be generated in conventional environmental chambers as well as in a more recently developed flow reactor that can produce SOA with high throughput over a wide range of simulated atmospheric conditions. The flow reactor enables controlled hydroxyl radical (OH) oxidation of atmospherically relevant gas phase and condensed-phase organic compounds. The residence time in the reactor is about two orders of magnitude shorter (minutes rather than days) and the OH concentration is two to three orders of magnitude higher than is attainable in environmental chambers. This project will provide a more reliable database for modeling and predicting the role of aerosols in climate change and lead to a detailed understanding of how the chemical, physical and optical properties of carbonaceous aerosols are interconnected and how they change as a function of oxidative aging.

该项目是四个机构之间的合作项目，旨在增进对大气气溶胶基本生命周期的了解。这项工作的重点是在一系列条件下大气中形成非常小的颗粒的过程。 拟议研究的目标是通过进行实验室测量来促进更准确地预测这些颗粒对气候的影响，减少与其形成、生长和大气重要特性建模相关的不确定性。项目团队共同拥有广泛的能力，包括产生烟灰和二次有机气溶胶（SOA）等初级气溶胶颗粒的能力，测量和控制颗粒尺寸和质量分布，控制此类颗粒的氧化老化的能力。 粒子通过羟基自由基和臭氧反应在等效大气寿命从几小时到几天不等，控制无机和有机粒子涂层的生产，测量气相和凝聚相有机化合物的化学成分，测量生成粒子的云凝结核（CCN）活性，并测量粒子光学特性。拟议的三年实验室研究计划将提供有关相关的详细信息 SOA 的物理化学性质作为氧化过程的函数，包括气相前体与浓缩 SOA 的相互作用。 SOA 颗粒将在传统的环境室以及最近开发的流动反应器中生成，该反应器可以在各种模拟大气条件下以高通量生产 SOA。流动反应器能够对大气相关气相和凝聚相有机化合物进行受控的羟基自由基 (OH) 氧化。反应器中的停留时间比环境室中的停留时间短约两个数量级（分钟而不是天），并且 OH 浓度高出两到三个数量级。该项目将为建模和预测气溶胶在气候变化中的作用提供更可靠的数据库，并帮助人们详细了解碳质气溶胶的化学、物理和光学特性如何相互关联，以及它们如何随着氧化老化而变化。