CRISP: Type 1: Reductionist and Integrative Approaches to Improve the Resiliency of Multi-Scale Interdependent Critical Infrastructure

关键基础设施正在朝着更加多样化和日益互联的方向发展。不断增长的复杂性在基础设施之间产生了错综复杂的依赖关系和相互依赖关系，这些依赖关系产生于系统不同组件之间的网络物理、地理、供需和人在环中的关系。理解这些相互作用需要一种简化论和综合的方法。简化论方法侧重于研究四类基本依赖关系链接的特征，而综合方法则将它们作为构建块来建立一个整体网络框架，以捕获基础设施系统的相互依赖关系。这种自下而上的方法提供了一种系统的方法来生成系统系统的综合和多尺度视图，从而能够通过反馈循环识别和量化描述意外的相互依赖关系。该项目的总体目标是提高相互依赖的基础设施的弹性，使它们能够在可接受的时间和成本内从中断事件和干扰中恢复。拟议的研究将通过采用简化和集成方法来扩展这种相互依赖的知识库，以创建自下而上的方法，为理解相互依赖提供基本原则。该项目旨在使用物理定律、通信理论、供应链理论以及博弈和经济理论中的原理来分类和描述四种基本的依赖类别。此外，该项目将开发可自动扩展的垂直和水平组合技术，以形成一个全面的相互依存网络模型，以调查不同措施之间的基本权衡，以及事前和事后措施之间的权衡。对这些关系的分析将导致多尺度弹性机制的优化设计，该机制将应用于超级风暴桑迪期间斯塔滕岛和日本福岛等核电计划事故期间的案例研究情景。

Critical infrastructures are evolving to be more diverse and increasingly connected. The growing complexity creates convoluted dependencies and interdependencies between infrastructures arising from cyber-physical, geographical, supply-and-demand, and human-in-the-loop relationships between different components of the system. Understanding these interactions requires a reductionist and an integrative approach. The reductionist approach focuses on studying the characteristics of four fundamental classes of dependency links, while the integrative approach uses them as building blocks to establish a holistic network framework to capture the interdependencies of the infrastructure systems. This bottom-up methodology provides a systematic way to generate an integrated and multi-scale view of a system of systems, enabling the identification and quantitative characterization of unanticipated interdependencies through feedback loops. The overarching goal of this project is to improve the resiliency of interdependent infrastructures, enabling them to recover from disruptive events and disturbances within an acceptable amount of time and cost.The proposed research will expand the knowledge base of such interdependencies by adopting both reductionist and integration approach to create a bottom-up methodology to provide fundamental principles to understand interdependencies. The project aims to classify and characterize four fundamental classes of dependencies using principles from physical laws, communications theory, supply chain theory, and game and economic theory. In addition, the project will develop automated scalable vertical and horizontal compositional techniques to form a holistic interdependency network model to investigate the fundamental tradeoff between heterogeneous measures, and the tradeoff between pre-event and post-event measures. The analysis of these relationships will lead to an optimal design of a multi-scale resilience mechanism, which will be applied to case study scenarios of Staten Island during Superstorm Sandy and a nuclear power plan accident such as the one that occurred in Fukushima, Japan.