The Reference Elevation Model of Antarctica (REMA): A High Resolution, Time-Stamped Digital Elevation Model for the Antarctic Ice Sheet

该合同将为以高空间分辨率和精度绘制南极大陆地形图提供支持，以测量冰盖变化，约束模型，校正卫星观测和支持后勤。南极洲仍然是地球上测绘最贫乏的大陆，然而，准确和完整的地表地形对于广泛的科学和后勤活动是必不可少的。该小组将结合高分辨率的卫星图像、现有的地面和空中调查数据以及美国国家科学基金会的超级计算机基础设施来构建南极洲参考高程模型（REMA）：一个连续的、带有时间戳的参考表面，其分辨率将比目前可用的高一到两个数量级。REMA将由WorldView卫星星座收集的立体亚米分辨率图像构建，这些图像是与美国国家地理空间情报局和美国国家科学基金会支持的极地地理空间中心（PGC）合作免费获得的。图像的高空间和辐射分辨率使摄影测量数字高程模型（DEM）能够在低对比度地形（如雪、冰和阴影）上提取。这些DEM的水平和垂直偏移高达几米，可以通过单个地面控制点将DEM的相对精度降低到0.2米。我们将使用来自地面和激光雷达调查的可用控制点来注册单个DEM和优化的最小二乘共同注册，以提供对大区域重叠DEM之间的控制。REMA的定位精度为10米，精度优于1米。它将由极地地理空间中心公开分发。该项目将涉及大量本科生参与，提供地理空间科学和遥感方面的培训，REMA将广泛用于伯德极地和气候研究中心的外展计划。这个项目不需要在南极洲进行实地工作。

Howat/1543501This award will provide support to map the topography of the Antarctic continent at high spatial resolution and precision to measure ice sheet change, constrain models, correct satellite observations and support logistics. Antarctica remains the most poorly mapped landmass on Earth, yet, accurate and complete surface topography is essential for a wide range of scientific and logistical activities. The group will use a combination of very high-resolution satellite imagery, existing ground and airborne survey data and the NSF's supercomputer infrastructure to construct the Reference Elevation Model of Antarctica (REMA): a continuous, time-stamped reference surface that will be one to two orders of magnitude higher resolution than currently available.REMA will be constructed from stereoscopic, submeter resolution imagery collected by the WorldView satellite constellation, obtained at no cost in partnership with the National Geospatial Intelligence Agency and the NSF-supported Polar Geospatial Center (PGC). The high spatial and radiometric resolution of the imagery enables photogrammetric digital elevation model (DEM) extraction over low contrast terrains such as snow, ice and shadows. These DEM's have horizontal and vertical offsets of up to several meters that can be reduced to the DEM relative accuracy of 0.2 meter with a single ground control point. We will use available control points from ground and lidar surveys to register individual DEMs and optimized, least-squares co-registration to provide control between overlapping DEM's over large regions. REMA will have a posting of 10 meters and accuracy better than 1 meter. It will be distributed openly by the Polar Geospatial Center. This project will involve substantial undergraduate participation, providing training in geospatial science and remote sensing, and REMA will be used extensively for the outreach programs of the Byrd Polar and Climate Research Center. This project does not require field work in Antarctica.