Spatial Variability in Organic Aerosol: Relationships between Sources, Processing, and Composition

有机气溶胶的空间变异：来源、处理和成分之间的关​​系

• 批准号: 1543786
• 负责人: Albert Presto
• 金额: $ 59.99万
• 依托单位: Carnegie-Mellon University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-12-01 至 2018-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1543786&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Spatial; Variability; Organic; Aerosol; Relationships

This project focuses on developing a better understanding of the factors governing spatial and temporal variations in fine particle concentration and composition in the atmosphere, with specific emphasis on variability in organic aerosol (OA). Spatial variability of fine particles in the atmosphere derives in part from spatial-temporal trends in emissions sources, the subsequent mixing of these emissions with background air, and the physical and chemical processing of the emissions.The specific objectives of the research are: (1) Determine spatial-temporal variability in OA composition through a series of ambient measurements in a region with significant contributions from traffic, background aerosol, and industrial emissions; (2) Relate this variability to spatial and temporal variability in sources and chemical processing, with the goal of identifying source contributions to OA with high fidelity and specificity; and (3) Develop an improved understanding of how physical (e.g., evaporation) and chemical (e.g., oxidation) transformations affect ambient OA concentrations and composition over relevant spatial and temporal scales (seconds to days, ~10 m - 100 km). The project will focus on a series of case studies (industrial-dominated, traffic-dominated, urban-rural transect) to investigate OA emissions and subsequent physical and chemical processing, and use factor analysis and cluster analysis tools to determine OA sources and to probe its chemical evolution. The sampling network in Pittsburgh PA consists of a stationary sampling site, around which a mobile laboratory will be deployed to characterize spatial variations.

该项目的重点是更好地了解大气中细颗粒物浓度和组成的时空变化的控制因素，特别强调有机气溶胶的可变性。大气中细颗粒物的空间变异性部分来自排放源的时空趋势、这些排放物随后与背景空气的混合以及排放物的物理和化学过程。研究的具体目标是：（1）通过在交通量有显著贡献的区域进行一系列环境测量，确定OA组成的时空变化，背景气溶胶和工业排放;（2）将这种变化与源和化学处理的空间和时间变化联系起来，目的是以高保真度和特异性识别源对OA的贡献;以及（3）更好地理解物理（例如，蒸发）和化学（例如，氧化）的转化影响相关的空间和时间尺度（秒到天，~10米- 100公里）的环境OA浓度和组成。该项目将侧重于一系列案例研究（工业主导、交通主导、城乡样带），以调查有机农业排放及其随后的物理和化学过程，并使用因子分析和聚类分析工具确定有机农业的来源并探讨其化学演变。 宾夕法尼亚州匹兹堡的采样网络包括一个固定采样点，周围将部署一个移动的实验室，以确定空间变化的特征。