CPS: Breakthrough: An Entropy Framework for Communications and Dynamics Interdependency in Cyber Physical Systems: Analysis, Design and Implementation

CPS：突破：网络物理系统中通信和动力学相互依赖性的熵框架：分析、设计和实现

• 批准号: 1543830
• 负责人: Husheng Li
• 金额: $ 39.54万
• 依托单位: University of Tennessee Knoxville
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-09-15 至 2019-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1543830&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CPS; Breakthrough; Entropy; Framework; Communications

Many practical systems such as smart grid, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and robotic networks can be categorized as cyber physical systems (CPS). A typical CPS consists of physical dynamics, sensors, communication network and controllers. The communication network is of key importance in CPS, since it mimics the nerve system in the human body. Hence, it is critical to study how the communication network in CPS should be analyzed and designed. Essentially, communications stem from the uncertainty of system under consideration; random perturbations increase the system uncertainty, which is reduced by the control actions in CPS. It is well known that entropy is a measure of system uncertainty. A unified framework of entropy is used for CPS, in which random perturbations create entropy while communications and controls provide negative entropy to compensate the entropy generation. The intellectual merits are the novel framework of entropy for bridging the communications and control in CPS and the new design criterion based on the entropy of system state for CPS. The project's broader significance and importance are the education of various levels of students, the dissemination of results to public, and the impact on everyday life such as the improved agility and robustness of power grids.This project applies the framework of entropy to study the interdependencies of communications and control, thus facilitating the analysis and design of communications in CPS. The following tasks are tackled in the project: (a) Entropy Flow Based Communication Capacity Analysis in which communications in CPS is analyzed by studying the entropy fields in the physical dynamics, thus providing an estimation on the scale (bits/second) of communication capacity budget; (b) Communication Network Topology Design in which the design of the network topology (either physical or logical) is tackled through both optimization-based or heuristic approaches; (c) Online Network Resource Scheduling which refines the network resource scheduling during the operation using both optimization-based and heuristic approaches, within the framework of entropy fields; (d) Hardware Emulation Testbed which delivers a co-simulation testbed based on real time digital power simulator (RTDS) and a communication simulator, in the context of smart grids. Based on the research, new courses are developed. K-12 outreach and various levels of undergraduate/graduate educations are incorporated into the research.

许多实用系统，例如智能电网，无人机（UAV）和机器人网络，可以归类为网络物理系统（CPS）。典型的CPS由物理动态，传感器，通信网络和控制器组成。通信网络在CPS中至关重要，因为它模仿了人体的神经系统。因此，研究如何分析和设计CPS中的通信网络至关重要。本质上，通信源于正在考虑的系统的不确定性；随机扰动会增加系统的不确定性，而CPS中的控制动作降低了。众所周知，熵是系统不确定性的量度。熵的统一框架用于CPS，其中随机扰动会产生熵，而通信和控件则提供负面的熵以补偿熵的生成。智力优点是熵的新型框架，用于桥接CPS中的通信和控制以及基于CPS系统状态的熵的新设计标准。该项目更广泛的意义和重要性是对各个级别的学生的教育，将结果传播给公众以及对日常生活的影响，例如提高敏捷性和电力网格的鲁棒性。该项目应用了熵的框架来研究通信和控制的相互依存关系，从而促进了CPS的通信分析和设计。项目中解决了以下任务：（a）基于熵流的通信能力分析，其中通过研究物理动力学中的熵领域来分析CPS中的通信，从而对通信能力预算的规模（位/秒）进行了估计； （b）通信网络拓扑设计，其中通过基于优化或启发式方法来解决网络拓扑（物理或逻辑）的设计（物理或逻辑）； （c）在熵字段的框架内，使用基于优化的启发式方法，使用基于优化的启发式方法来完善操作过程中的网络资源调度； （d）在智能电网的背景下，基于实时数字功率模拟器（RTD）和通信模拟器提供共同模拟测试台的硬件仿真测试床。根据研究，开发了新课程。 K-12宣传和各种水平的本科/研究生教育已纳入研究中。