Collaborative Research: Radio Frequency Interference Aware Radio Astronomy Systems

合作研究：射频干扰感知射电天文系统

• 批准号: 1547452
• 负责人: Naofal Al-Dhahir
• 金额: $ 33.49万
• 依托单位: University of Texas at Dallas
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-01-01 至 2021-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1547452&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Radio; Frequency; Interference

This EARS (Enhancing Access to the Radio Spectrum) program was founded in response to the 2010 Presidential Memorandum on Unleashing the Wireless Broadband Revolution mandated by Congress as part of the National Broadband Plan. It was referenced in 2010 State of the Union and later on the Middle Class Tax Relief and Job Creation Act of 2012 (More than 1/3 of the bill deals with radio spectrum), the PCAST 2012 Report [President's Council of Advisors on Science and Technology] (which calls for vastly increased use of spectrum sharing) and the 2013 Presidential memo (Expanding America's Leadership in Wireless Innovation). The aim of this program is to identify bold new concepts with the potential to contribute to significant improvements in the efficiency of radio spectrum utilization, protection of passive sensing services, and in the ability for traditionally underserved Americans to benefit from current and future wireless-enabled goods and services. The impact is large on the economics of the Nation as seen on the last FCC bidding of 65MHz of the spectrum for over $45 billion early in 2015. It will enable access to science, engineering, industry, civilian and military users of the radio frequency (RF) spectrum.The staggering growth of wireless communications systems has led to an increasing demand for spectrum to support commercial services, particularly in the frequencies below 3 GHz, where battery-powered mobile devices such as smart phones and tablets operate most efficiently. It is desirable for such devices to be useful for a variety of applications, and in a variety of locations that have differing available spectrum. Currently this is achieved, in a smart phone for example, by a collection of hardware solutions, with one for each standard. This is complex and expensive, and such receivers will not be sufficiently adaptable for future spectrum usage. It is desirable to have a single hardware solution that is capable of receiving a broad spectrum and then selecting a particular transmission from it a based on the local spectral conditions and the application. Adaptable solutions such as this do not currently exist due in large part to the interference that occurs when a desired signal is weak and is crowded by a channel containing a high power signal. There are high dynamic range receivers that tolerate such disparate signal levels, but they are not adaptable over large bandwidths. In this project, a novel high-dynamic range receiver topology that promises to enable the reception of a wide instantaneous bandwidth will be explored. The topology is enabled by new signal processing concepts and integrated circuit technologies. The research undertaken will range from the basic theory to experimental demonstration. Reducing the impact of radio frequency interference (RFI), e.g., cellular, radio, TV, satellite and radar signals, and interference from microwave ovens, is crucial for the future of radio astronomical discoveries. When studying celestial radio signals, it is not uncommon for the scientists to puzzle over mysterious interference. To avoid RFI, the radio astronomers select sparsely populated areas to set up their telescopes. In some cases, the quiet zones around the radio telescopes have to be established to limit the use of airwares. Therefore, the technology of RFI mitigation is a critical component needed by radio astronomy science in increasingly challenging RFI environments. This project brings together researchers in radio astronomy, statistical array signal processing, radio frequency instrumentation, digital signal processing, wireless communications, and software defined radios to address these challenges and boost the science of radio astronomy by introducing a novel framework that provides the necessary analytical tools for modeling, analyzing, and operating radio telescope arrays in complex RFI environments.Mitigating RFI in radio astronomy is an interdisciplinary research area which combines the efforts of scientists from various fields including electrical engineering, physics, astronomy, computer science, and astrophysics. Opportunities created by developing RFI mitigation techniques by the joint team of University of Texas at Dallas (UTD) and the Center for Advanced Radio Astronomy (CARA) of the University of Texas at Rio Grande Valley (UTRGV) researchers will have a direct impact in the number of students participating in STEM careers. The success of this project will be beneficial to both the commercial and the scientific communities. Recently, CARA teamed up with SpaceX, a leading commercial manufacturer of orbital launch vehicles, to create the Space Craft Tracking and Astronomical Research into Gigahertz Astrophysical Transient Emission (STARGATE), a space technology innovation center that combines higher education, research, economic development, and commercialization. The future connections developed between STARGATE's technology/business incubator and the Dallas Telecom Corridor will open up new opportunities for technology transfer and better planning of spectrum use.

该耳朵（增强无线电频谱的访问）计划是根据2010年总统备忘录释放国会作为国家宽带计划的一部分的无线宽带革命的响应而建立的。它在2010年国际电联的2012年中产阶级税收减免和创造就业法案（超过1/3涉及无线电频谱），PCast 2012 2012报告[总统科学技术顾问委员会]（呼吁大大增加频谱共享的使用）和2013年美国总统纪念馆（扩大无线领导力的领导力）。该计划的目的是确定大胆的新概念，有可能为无线电频谱利用率的效率，被动传感服务的保护以及传统上服务不足的美国人从当前和未来的无线支持商品和服务中受益的能力做出重大改善。 The impact is large on the economics of the Nation as seen on the last FCC bidding of 65MHz of the spectrum for over $45 billion early in 2015. It will enable access to science, engineering, industry, civilian and military users of the radio frequency (RF) spectrum.The staggering growth of wireless communications systems has led to an increasing demand for spectrum to support commercial services, particularly in the frequencies below 3 GHz, where battery-powered mobile智能手机和平板电脑等设备的运行效率最高。 希望此类设备可用于多种应用以及各种可用频谱的位置。例如，在智能手机中，这是通过一系列硬件解决方案来实现的，每个标准都有一个。这是复杂且昂贵的，此类接收器将不足以适应将来的光谱使用情况。希望拥有一个能够接收广泛光谱的单个硬件解决方案，然后根据局部光谱条件和应用程序从中选择特定的传输。 当前，当前不存在诸如此类的适应性解决方案，这在很大程度上是由于所需信号较弱并被包含高功率信号的通道拥挤时发生的干扰。 有高动态范围接收器可耐受这种不同的信号水平，但在大带宽上不能适应。 在这个项目中，将探索一个新型的高动力范围接收器拓扑，该拓扑有望探索能够接受广泛的瞬时带宽。 拓扑由新的信号处理概念和集成电路技术启用。进行的研究将从基本理论到实验演示。减少射频干扰（RFI）的影响，例如蜂窝，无线电，电视，卫星和雷达信号，以及微波炉的干扰，对于射电天文学发现的未来至关重要。在研究天体无线电信号时，科学家在神秘的干扰上感到困惑并不少见。为了避免RFI，射电天文学家选择了人口稠密的区域来设置其望远镜。在某些情况下，必须建立射电望远镜周围的安静区域，以限制空军的使用。因此，RFI缓解技术是射电天文学科学在越来越具有挑战性的RFI环境中所需的关键组成部分。 This project brings together researchers in radio astronomy, statistical array signal processing, radio frequency instrumentation, digital signal processing, wireless communications, and software defined radios to address these challenges and boost the science of radio astronomy by introducing a novel framework that provides the necessary analytical tools for modeling, analyzing, and operating radio telescope arrays in complex RFI environments.Mitigating RFI in radio astronomy is an interdisciplinary research area which结合了来自电气工程，物理，天文学，计算机科学和天体物理学等各个领域的科学家的努力。得克萨斯大学达拉斯大学（UTD）联合团队以及德克萨斯大学里奥格兰德分校（UTRGV）研究人员开发RFI缓解技术创造的机会将对参与STEM职业的学生人数产生直接影响。该项目的成功将对商业和科学社区都有益。最近，Cara与轨道发射车的领先商业制造商SpaceX合作，为Gigahertz天体瞬态发射（Stargate）创建了太空飞船跟踪和天文研究，这是一个结合了高等教育，研究，研究，经济发展和商业化的太空技术创新中心。 Stargate的技术/业务孵化器与达拉斯电信走廊之间发展的未来联系将为技术转移和更好地计划使用频谱使用。