EAGER: Model-Driven Sensor Management in Support of Decision Making

EAGER：支持决策的模型驱动传感器管理

• 批准号: 1548149
• 负责人: Herbert Tanner
• 金额: $ 7.84万
• 依托单位: University of Delaware
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-09-01 至 2016-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1548149&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: EAGER; Model; Driven; Sensor; Management

Imagine a scenario in which illicit nuclear material may be in transit. How can we tell in a matter of minutes whether a truck, boat, railway car, or even a person with a backpack in a crowed street is a carrier of (possibly shielded) radioactive material? This project focuses on the underlying science behind the problem of timely detection of weak radioactive sources from a distance, by steering robots (ground and/or aerial) equipped with radiation counters. The proposed theory promotes national security objectives by providing improved decision-making algorithms. These algorithms can support both existing and future sensor technology, and help develop new detection tools which can form an effective layer of protection against radiological attacks at home, and contribute a useful tool for nuclear nonproliferation abroad.Novel features of the methodology in this project include the model-based approach to active sensing, and the formulation of the detection problem in a way that is more compatible with real-world scenarios. This approach departs from the classical active sensing approaches by querying measurement models, as opposed to merely measurement data, in order to improve the performance of decision making. The approach signifies a paradigm shift for active sensing in sensor management: instead of relying on sensor measurements (data) to decide how to sample, here the approach is to rely on measurement physics (models).

想象一下非法核材料可能正在运输的情景。我们怎么能在几分钟内分辨出卡车、轮船、火车车厢，甚至在拥挤的街道上背着背包的人是不是放射性物质的携带者(可能是被屏蔽的)？该项目侧重于通过操纵配备辐射计数器的机器人(地面和/或空中)，从远处及时探测微弱放射源问题背后的基本科学。提出的理论通过提供改进的决策算法来促进国家安全目标。这些算法既可以支持现有的和未来的传感器技术，也可以帮助开发新的检测工具，在国内形成针对辐射攻击的有效防护层，并为国外的核不扩散贡献有用的工具。该项目方法的新特点包括基于模型的主动传感方法，以及以更符合现实世界场景的方式制定检测问题。这种方法不同于经典的主动感知方法，它通过查询测量模型来提高决策的性能，而不是仅仅查询测量数据。该方法标志着传感器管理中主动传感的范式转变：这里的方法是依赖测量物理(模型)，而不是依赖传感器测量(数据)来决定如何采样。