CAREER: Optical Vortices and Rotation

职务名称：光学涡旋和旋转非技术描述具有螺旋相位或轨道角动量的光最近引起了很多兴趣，作为2014年诺贝尔奖获得者超分辨率显微镜技术的开创性作品。它还可以用来旋转物体和测量物体的旋转速度，尺寸从宏观尺度（公里）到纳米尺度（纳米）。本建议的研究目标是研究轨道角动量与旋转物体之间的关系。轨道角动量可以用来测量旋转，旋转物体本身可以用来测量激光束的螺旋相位含量。这项研究的结果将具有深远的意义，其中包括关于自由空间通信所必需的轨道角动量模态内容的信息，以及用于人体蛋白质水平成像的内窥镜超分辨率成像（STED）。此外，纳米颗粒的旋转和测量对于微流体和生物学，特别是对于疾病的治疗是重要的。这种关于旋转物体和轨道角动量相互作用的新观点将在成像，光谱学，光刻，量子光学和医学方面产生新的方向。研究成果将通过外联活动和研究机会传播给K-12、大学和研究生。技术说明具有轨道角动量的光，或称“扭曲”光，于1992年被发现，随后被应用于超分辨率成像和高带宽通信。拟议的研究采取了创新的方法来研究轨道角动量和旋转物体的相互作用。轨道角动量可用于旋转物体，测量其速度并推断位置，物体本身可用于测量光束的轨道角动量内容，可能具有比现有方法高得多的分辨率。特别有趣的是，不仅要考虑宏观物体，还要考虑微观物体，如纳米粒子和微型机器。研究中的概念可用于许多高影响力领域，包括陀螺仪，遥感，用于癌症治疗的纳米粒子，通信链路以及超分辨率显微镜和光刻。 从物理学到工程学再到材料科学的各个领域都将受益于研究成果。

Title: Optical Vortices and RotationNontechnical description Light with a spiral phase, or orbital angular momentum, has recently garnered a lot of interest, as a seminal piece of the 2014 Nobel prize-winning super-resolution microscopy technique. It can also be used to rotate objects and measure the rotation speed of objects, with sizes ranging from the macroscale (kilometers) to the nanoscale (nanometers). The research objective of this proposal is to study the relationship between orbital angular momentum and rotating objects. Orbital angular momentum can be used to measure rotation and the rotating objects themselves can be used to measure spiral phase content of laser beams. The results from the research will be far-reaching, with information about orbital angular momentum modal content essential for free-space communications and endoscopic super-resolution imaging (STED) for protein-level imaging in the human body. Additionally, rotation and the measurement of nanoparticles are important for microfluidics and biology, in particular for the treatment of disease. This fresh perspective on the interaction of rotating objects and orbital angular momentum will spawn new directions in imaging, spectroscopy, lithography, quantum optics, and medicine. Research results will disseminated to K-12, college and graduate students through outreach activities and research opportunities.Technical description Light with orbital angular momentum, or "twisted" light, was discovered in 1992, and subsequently has been applied to super-resolution imaging and high bandwidth communications. The proposed research takes an innovative approach to study the interaction of orbital angular momentum and rotating objects. Orbital angular momentum can be used to rotate objects, measure their speed and infer position, and the objects themselves can be used to measure the orbital angular momentum content of a light beam, potentially with much greater resolution than current methods. It is especially interesting to consider not only macroscopic objects but microscopic ones as well, such as nanoparticles and micromachines. The concepts in the research can be used for a number of high-impact areas including gyroscopes, remote sensing, nanoparticles for cancer treatment, communications links, and super-resolution microscopy and lithography. Fields ranging from physics to engineering to materials science will benefit from the research outcomes.