CAREER: Programmable Artificial DNA Topology for Biological and Medical Applications

非技术摘要：该奖项由材料研究部的生物材料计划授予芝加哥大学，旨在通过研究核酸的拓扑结构与其功能之间的关系来支持对核酸结构的研究。这位研究人员将构建具有不同功能编码的纳米结构，以探测细胞机械的活动。此外，这种支持将用于开发定量测量负责调节细胞内这些核酸拓扑结构的酶的活性的分析方法。对这些相互作用的详细分析将为研究人员提供与靶向治疗相关的信息，以及解锁这些酶在细胞周期调节中的作用。该项目将为分子生物学和化学领域的高中生、本科生和研究生提供资源和机会，以探索与生物拓扑学和酶动力学相关的跨学科研究。通过与周围的当地学校合作，这位调查员将通过学术研讨会和暑期研究活动，鼓励来自传统上代表性较低的人口统计数字的学生参与科学探索。作为研讨会委员会的一员，这位研究人员将每周为访问教师组织公开研讨会，为芝加哥大学和其他附近学术机构的研究社区服务。技术摘要：该项目将促进对细胞内核酸拓扑结构的了解，并将有助于阐明这些不同的三维结构如何与拓扑异构酶和聚合酶相互作用，以进行细胞调控和复制。第一个研究目标是利用四向连接来开发新型的复杂分子拓扑结构，并推进其在化学和生物研究中的应用。拟议策略的简单性和灵活性允许构建具有不同拓扑结构的创新纳米结构，以探测酶动力学和生物过程。在与细胞相关的大小尺度上合成编码了各种核酸功能的高阶拓扑结构，将是进一步理解DNA结构和功能之间关系的关键一步。双链DNA结将作为人类拓扑异构酶的底物进行测试，这将使他们能够实时监测酶的活性。这项研究的意义在于，他们能够在体外和体内研究一系列拓扑异构酶药物对反应速率的影响。此外，通过实时测量在暴露于各种小分子抑制剂时的拓扑异构酶的活性，可以在体外和体内定性地测量关于某些治疗药物的有效性的信息。通过与核酸放大技术的接口，该分析可以设计成在各种条件下以与高通量系统的目标一致的方法操作。该项目将为分子生物学和化学领域的高中生、本科生和研究生提供资源和机会，以探索与核酸拓扑学、化学生物学和酶动力学有关的跨学科研究。

Non-Technical Abstract:This award by the Biomaterials program in the Division of Materials Research to University of Chicago supports the investigation of nucleic acid structures by looking at the relationship between the topological structure of nucleic acid and its function. This researcher will construct nano-architectures encoded with different functionalities to probe the activity of the machinery of the cell. Furthermore, this support will be used for the development of assays to quantitatively measure the activity of the enzymes responsible for the modulation of these nucleic acid topologies within the cell. Detailed analyses of these interactions will offer researchers information relevant for targeted therapeutics, as well as for unlocking the role of these enzymes in cell cycle regulation. This project will provide resources and opportunities for high school, undergraduate, and graduate students in the fields of molecular biology and chemistry to explore interdisciplinary studies relating to biological topology and enzyme kinetics. By collaborating with the surrounding local schools, this investigator will encourage students from traditionally underrepresented demographics to participate in scientific exploration through scholastic workshops and summer research initiatives. As a member of the Seminar Committee, this researcher will organize weekly public seminars for visiting faculty members, serving the research community at the University of Chicago and other nearby academic institutions.Technical Abstract:This project will advance the understanding of nucleic acid topology within the cell, and will help elucidate how these different 3-D structures interact with topoisomerases and polymerases for cell regulation and replication. The first research goal is to develop novel complex molecular topologies using the Four-Way-Junction and advance their applications in chemical and biological studies. The simplicity and flexibility of the proposed strategy allows for the construction of innovative nanostructures with diverse topologies to probe enzyme kinetics and biological processes. The synthesis of higher-order topologies encoded with various nucleic acid functionalities, on a cell-relevant size-scale, will represent a critical step in furthering the understanding of the relationship between DNA structure and function. The double stranded DNA knots will be tested as substrates for human topoisomerases, which will allow them to monitor the enzyme activity in real time. The significance of this lies in their ability to interrogate the effects on reaction rates of a range of topoisomerase drugs both in vitro and in vivo. Additionally, by measuring in real time activity of topoisomerases upon exposure to various small molecule inhibitors, information regarding the efficacy of certain therapeutics can be qualitatively measured both in vitro and in vivo. By interfacing with nucleic acid amplification technologies, the assay can be designed to operate in a wide variety of conditions in a method consistent with the goals of a high-throughput system. This project will provide resources and opportunities for high school, undergraduate, and graduate students in the fields of molecular biology and chemistry to explore interdisciplinary studies relating to nucleic acid topology, chemical biology, and enzyme kinetics.