Collaborative Research: Individuals' Assessments of Legitimate Authority

合作研究：个人对合法权威的评估

• 批准号: 1555494
• 负责人: Gregory Huber
• 金额: $ 4万
• 依托单位: Yale University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-03-15 至 2019-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1555494&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Individuals; Assessments; Legitimate

Maintaining social order also depends on ordinary citizens perceiving that the exercise of legal authority is legitimate -- that is, deserving deference even in the absence of extrinsic (deterrence-based) compliance motivations. When authorities are viewed as legitimate, citizens have an enhanced intrinsic motivation to comply with the law and to cooperate with those who enforce it. This research tackles two key questions. What features of enforcement institutions bestow legitimacy on authorities? And what are the consequences of legitimacy for citizen behavior? It employs both laboratory and lab-in-the-field experiments, the latter of which enhance policy relevance by focusing on subjects from low-income, mostly minority communities, whose experiences of law enforcement may differ from those of typical student subject pools. Assessing the causal antecedents of legitimate authority is a surprisingly tricky empirical problem. Given that citizens' compliance with the law may be motivated both by deterrence and by citizens' perceptions of legitimacy, how can legitimacy be measured in a way that is separate from citizens' anticipations of punishment? This work employs novel experiments designed to decouple the relationship between citizens' extrinsic (deterrence) and intrinsic (legitimacy-based) motivations.

维持社会秩序还取决于普通公民是否认识到行使法律的权威是合法的-也就是说，即使没有外在的（基于威慑的）服从动机，也值得尊重。当当局被视为合法时，公民有更强的内在动机遵守法律并与执法者合作。执法机构的哪些特征赋予当局合法性？合法性对公民行为的后果是什么？它采用实验室和实验室在实地的实验，其中后者提高政策的相关性，重点是低收入，主要是少数民族社区的主题，其执法经验可能不同于那些典型的学生主题库。 评估合法权威的因果前因是一个令人惊讶的棘手的经验问题。鉴于公民遵守法律的动机可能是威慑和公民对合法性的看法，如何才能以一种与公民对惩罚的预期不同的方式来衡量合法性？这项工作采用了新的实验，旨在解耦公民的外在（威慑）和内在（合法性为基础的）动机之间的关系。