A Study in Arctic Alaska of Relations between Cold War Bio-medicine, Indigenous Politics, and Circumpolar Health

观众概述在这个项目中，研究人员将仔细研究阿拉斯加的档案收藏，并在巴罗的因努皮亚特遗产中心进行采访，以研究环极健康的出现。随着美国冷战紧张局势的加剧，阿拉斯加具有了新的战略重要性，人们需要了解环极地的健康，也就是北极环境如何影响人类的身心。从一开始，环极地健康就纠缠在美国在阿拉斯加的殖民主义进程中，并有助于产生对阿拉斯加土著人民的持续科学兴趣。它也成为阿拉斯加原住民声称自治、阐明他们的健康需求和批评美国国家政策的场所。研究人员将在学术会议和同行评议的历史期刊上分享这项研究的结果。该项目最终将与学术出版社一起出版一本书。在研究过程中产生的任何口述历史都将捐赠给适当的图书馆收藏，从而有助于更广泛的目标，即增加阿拉斯加原住民的声音在阿拉斯加档案记录中的代表性。该项目将通过三个关键时期解释环极卫生的建设，冷战早期，20世纪60年代和70年代，当时美国政府开始迅速扩大阿拉斯加的公共卫生基础设施，以及20世纪80年代，阿拉斯加环极卫生运动通过学术机构和科学组织在当地实现制度化。在每个阶段，研究人员将考虑冷战政治的必要性、生物医学的目标和阿拉斯加原住民的优先事项如何相互作用，塑造环极地卫生的发展。这项研究建立在冷战科学史的基础上，这些研究表明，在冷战期间，科学和技术如何成为北极地区军事化和工业化的工具。它采用了一种创新的方法。与现有的历史相比，它重点关注阿拉斯加原住民作为冷战历史参与者的机构，并追溯他们在随着时间的推移改变环极地卫生研究的权力动态中所扮演的角色。它将阿拉斯加定位为冷战生物医学知识真正产生的地方，最初是关于北极的知识，然后过渡到北极制造的知识。该项目还将反思历史先例如何塑造当代北极生物医学研究的伦理和实践。

General Audience Summary In this project, the researcher will peruse Alaskan archival collections and conduct interviews at the Inupiat Heritage Center in Barrow to study the emergence of circumpolar health. The need to understand circumpolar health, meaning how the Arctic environment impacted human bodies and minds, came about as Cold War tensions rose in the United States, which resulted in Alaska taking on a new strategic importance. From its inception, circumpolar health was entangled in the processes of American colonialism in Alaska and was instrumental in generating sustained scientific interest in Alaska Native peoples. It also became a site from which Alaska Native peoples made claims for autonomy, articulated their health demands, and critiqued the policies of the American state. The researcher will share the results of this study at academic conferences and in peer-reviewed historical journals. The project will culminate in the publication of a book with an academic press. Any oral histories produced over the course of this research are to be donated to an appropriate library collection and thereby contribute to the broader aim of increasing the representation of Native Alaskan voices in the Alaskan archival record.Technical Summary This project will explain the construction of circumpolar health through three key periods, during the early Cold War, the 1960s and 1970s when the U.S. government began to rapidly expand Alaska's public health infrastructure, and in the 1980s when Alaskan circumpolar health movement became institutionalized locally through academic institutions and scientific organizations. At each stage, the researcher will consider how the imperatives of Cold War politics, the aims of biomedicine, and the priorities of Alaska Native peoples interacted to shape the development of circumpolar health. The study builds upon work in the history of Cold War science that have shown how science and technology became tools for militarizing and industrializing Arctic regions during the Cold War. It adopts an innovative approach. By contrast with existing histories, it focuses on Native Alaskans' agency as Cold War historical actors and traces their role in altering the power dynamics of circumpolar health research over time. It situates Alaska as a site where Cold War biomedical knowledge was actually produced, beginning as knowledge made about the Arctic, and transitioning to knowledge made in the Arctic. The project will also reflect on the ways that historical antecedents have shaped the ethics and practice of contemporary Arctic biomedical research.