SG: Collaborative Research: A genomic analysis of the impact of genetic divergence, and chromosomal rearrangement on introgression in replicate Fundulus hybrid zones

SG：合作研究：遗传差异和染色体重排对重复眼底杂交区基因渗入的影响的基因组分析

• 批准号: 1556858
• 负责人: Jacob Schaefer
• 金额: $ 3.64万
• 依托单位: University of Southern Mississippi
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-06-01 至 2021-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1556858&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SG; Collaborative; Research; genomic; analysis

Hybridization occurs when members of different species attempt to reproduce. While hybridization has traditionally been viewed as normally inconsequential to species integrity and the speciation process (hybrids were assumed to be inviable for some reason), there is growing evidence it may actually be beneficial and accelerate speciation under some circumstances. Understanding the origins of biodiversity requires more thorough knowledge of mechanisms that may alter the outcome of hybridization. One such mechanism is the rearrangement of chromosomes that may change the genomic structure of species in a way that limits the potential for hybridization. This project will study a model fish species, topminnows, in order to understand how divergence and chromosomal rearrangements may interact to determine the dynamics of naturally occurring hybrid zones. The research will also be used in development of high school curricula to teach evolutionary concepts and to provide research experiences for undergraduates. Topminnows in the Fundulus notatus species complex have broadly overlapping ranges throughout much of the Mississippi River basin and northern Gulf of Mexico drainages. Earlier work with these species identified a number of replicate hybrid zones where the hybridizing species and populations differ in levels of divergence and, in some cases, chromosome number. The researchers will use modern genomic tools to quantify the amount of hybridization and patterns of introgression in eight replicate hybrid zones. Artificial breeding experiments in the laboratory will produce progeny that will facilitate the production of genetic maps of hybridizing populations. Genetic maps will elucidate spatial patterns of gene flow in replicate hybrid zones. Experimental hybrid zone trials will also examine mate choice dynamics and the viability of hybrid offspring.

杂交发生在不同物种的成员试图繁殖的时候。虽然杂交在传统上被认为对物种的完整性和物种形成过程是无关紧要的（杂交被认为是由于某种原因而无法生存的），但越来越多的证据表明，在某些情况下，它实际上可能是有益的，并加速物种形成。要了解生物多样性的起源，需要对可能改变杂交结果的机制有更透彻的了解。其中一种机制是染色体的重排，这可能会改变物种的基因组结构，从而限制杂交的潜力。该项目将研究一种模式鱼种，topminnows，以了解分歧和染色体重排如何相互作用，以确定自然发生的杂交区的动态。这项研究还将用于开发高中课程，教授进化概念，并为本科生提供研究经验。 在底notatus物种复杂的Topminnows有广泛的重叠范围在整个密西西比河流域和北方墨西哥湾流域的大部分。早期的工作与这些物种确定了一些重复的杂交区，杂交物种和人口不同的分歧水平，在某些情况下，染色体数目。 研究人员将使用现代基因组工具来量化8个重复杂交区中的杂交量和渐渗模式。在实验室进行的人工育种实验将产生后代，这将有助于制作杂交种群的遗传图谱。遗传图谱将阐明复制杂交区基因流的空间格局。实验性杂交区试验也将研究配偶选择动态和杂交后代的生存能力。