Evolutionary significance of phytochemical diversity:Cardenolides as a model system

植物化学多样性的进化意义:强心内酯作为模型系统

基本信息

项目摘要

Plants produce a variety of toxic compounds which function as a defense against herbivorous insects. One classically studied group of toxins are the cardenolides (aka cardiac glycosides) which bind to and specifically inhibit the ubiquitous animal cation pump Na+K+-ATPase which is involved in essential physiological processes.Since cardenolides were subject of many chemoecological studies during the last five decades, they provide an excellent model to understand evolutionary adaptations of herbivorous insects to host plant toxins. A prime example for the adaptation of an insect to cardenolides is the monarch butterfly (Danaus plexippus). The caterpillars of this species are not only able to tolerate cardenolides contained in their host plant Asclepias (Apocynaceae) but also store these compounds for their own defense (sequestration).Plants often possess a spectrum of structurally different toxins belonging to the same chemical class. Some species of Asclepias, for example, produce up to 30 different cardenolides. However, it is unknown whether such a variety is of ecological or evolutionary significance.I therefore want to test whether phytochemical diversity has a negative impact on a specialist herbivore. For this I will use the monarch and its host plants (Asclepias spp.) as a model system. Besides constitutive production plants also produce higher levels of cardenolides upon insect attack (induction). Hence, I will also test whether caterpillars after plant induction possess higher cardenolide concentrations in their body and whether plants, upon induction, produce specific cardenolides which are especially toxic for D. plexippus. Moreover, I will investigate whether selective sequestration of particular cardenolides in the monarch is an optimization to avoid autotoxicity.To answer these questions I will perform an integrative approach combining ecological, biochemical and chemical-analytical techniques.
植物产生各种有毒化合物,起到防御草食性昆虫的作用。一类经典的毒素是肉豆内酯(又名心脏糖苷),它结合并特异性地抑制动物普遍存在的阳离子泵Na+K+-ATPase,该酶参与了基本的生理过程。由于过去50年来许多化学生态学研究的对象,它们为了解食草性昆虫对宿主植物毒素的进化适应提供了一个很好的模型。昆虫适应万寿菊内酯的最好例子是帝王蝶(Danaus Plexippus)。该物种的毛虫不仅能够耐受其寄主植物罗布麻科植物罗布麻属中所含的Cardenolide,而且还能储存这些化合物以用于自身防御(隔离)。植物通常具有一系列结构不同的毒素,属于同一化学类别。例如,一些Asclepias物种可以产生多达30种不同的Cardenolide。然而,目前尚不清楚这种变化是否具有生态或进化意义。因此,我想测试植物化学多样性是否会对专业草食动物产生负面影响。为此,我将使用君主及其寄主植物(Asclepias spp.)作为一个模范系统。除了成分生产植物还会在虫害(诱导)时产生更高水平的Cardenolide。因此,我也会测试在植物诱导后的毛虫体内是否有更高的卡地奈德浓度,以及植物在诱导时是否会产生对竹节虫特别有毒的特定卡地那内酯。此外,我将调查在君主体内选择性地隔离特定的万寿菊内酯是否是避免自毒的优化。为了回答这些问题,我将执行一种结合生态学、生化和化学分析技术的综合方法。

项目成果

期刊论文数量(6)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
Milkweed butterfly resistance to plant toxins is linked to sequestration, not coping with a toxic diet
Amphibian myiasis. Blowfly larvae (Lucilia bufonivora, Diptera: Calliphoridae) coping with the poisonous skin secretion of the common toad (Bufo bufo)
两栖类蝇蛆病 绿头蝇幼虫(Lucilia bufonivora,双翅目:Calliphoridae)应对普通蟾蜍(Bufo bufo)有毒的皮肤分泌物
  • DOI:
    10.1007/s00049-014-0157-2
  • 发表时间:
    2014
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    1.8
  • 作者:
    Petschenka;Pogoda;Toennes;Amendl;Dobler
  • 通讯作者:
    Dobler
Functional evidence for physiological mechanisms to circumvent neurotoxicity of cardenolides in an adapted and a non-adapted hawk-moth species
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Professor Dr. Georg Petschenka其他文献

Professor Dr. Georg Petschenka的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Professor Dr. Georg Petschenka', 18)}}的其他基金

Differential processing of host plant toxins by insect herbivores as a driver of multi-trophic interactions
昆虫食草动物对宿主植物毒素的差异加工作为多营养相互作用的驱动力
  • 批准号:
    325915028
  • 财政年份:
    2016
  • 资助金额:
    --
  • 项目类别:
    Independent Junior Research Groups

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