Reverse transcriptase-related genes and their biological significance
逆转录酶相关基因及其生物学意义
基本信息
- 批准号:2326038
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 84.05万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:Standard Grant
- 财政年份:2023
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2023-09-01 至 2026-08-31
- 项目状态:未结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
Reverse transcription converts RNA into DNA, in contrast to the typical flow of genetic information from DNA to RNA. Enzymes capable of DNA polymerization on RNA templates are called reverse transcriptases (RTs). RTs are believed to have played a major role in the transition from the primordial RNA world to the modern DNA-based forms of life. Since then, however, RT activity has mostly been employed by various selfish mobile genetic elements, such as retrotransposons or retroviruses. Beneficial uses of RT in cells are exceptionally rare, with eukaryotic telomerases being the only known example. The discovery by the researcher of single-copy reverse transcriptase-related genes with an intact active center, representing the only type of RTs present in both bacteria and eukaryotes, provides a unique opportunity to investigate the evolution of beneficial RT functions across different domains of Life. The function of these genes and their products will be studied by molecular, genetic, biochemical, and physiological methods, focusing on their response to environmental perturbations. Furthermore, the project involves extensive training for summer undergraduates by engaging them in individual research projects, providing the much-needed research experience as they prepare for graduate school applications and/or explore other career paths.To gain insights into the process of recruitment of an RNA-dependent polymerase into the metabolic environment of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, genetic screens aimed at dissecting regulatory pathways in model filamentous fungi will be combined with biochemical and functional assays in response to specific stress conditions, which will also be performed in native and heterologous systems such as rotifers and bacteria. The proposed research would uncover the nature of the evolutionary adaptation of RNA-dependent DNA synthesis for purposes entirely different from those previously examined, with the emergence of beneficial functions provided by additional domains endowing the host species with extra layers of flexibility in response to environmental stresses. Functional comparisons with the telomerase system should help to define the prerequisites for RT domestication. Finally, comparative analysis of different RT types would represent an essential step towards closure of the remaining gaps in the overall picture of RT structure, function, and evolution.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.
逆转录将RNA转化为DNA,与遗传信息从DNA到RNA的典型流动相反。能够在RNA模板上聚合DNA的酶被称为逆转录酶(RT)。据信RT在从原始RNA世界到基于DNA的现代生命形式的转变中发挥了重要作用。然而,从那时起,RT活性主要被各种自私的移动的遗传元件所利用,如反转录转座子或逆转录病毒。RT在细胞中的有益用途非常罕见,真核端粒酶是唯一已知的例子。研究人员发现了具有完整活性中心的单拷贝逆转录酶相关基因,代表了细菌和真核生物中存在的唯一类型的RT,为研究不同生命领域中有益RT功能的进化提供了独特的机会。这些基因及其产物的功能将通过分子、遗传、生物化学和生理学方法进行研究,重点是它们对环境扰动的反应。此外,该项目还包括对暑期本科生进行广泛的培训,让他们参与个人研究项目,为他们准备研究生院申请和/或探索其他职业道路提供急需的研究经验。为了深入了解RNA依赖性聚合酶在原核和真核细胞代谢环境中的招募过程,旨在剖析模型丝状真菌中的调节途径的遗传筛选将与响应特定胁迫条件的生物化学和功能测定相结合,这也将在天然和异源系统如轮虫和细菌中进行。拟议的研究将揭示RNA依赖的DNA合成的进化适应的性质,其目的与以前研究的完全不同,通过额外的结构域赋予宿主物种额外的灵活性来应对环境压力,从而出现有益的功能。与端粒酶系统的功能比较应有助于确定RT驯化的先决条件。最后,对不同RT类型的比较分析将代表着在RT结构、功能和演变的整体图景中关闭剩余差距的重要一步。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命,并被认为值得通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估来支持。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(0)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
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Irina Arkhipova其他文献
Antibody Response Following SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Implications for Immunity: Final Update of a Rapid, Living Review
SARS-CoV-2 感染后的抗体反应及其对免疫的影响:快速、实时回顾的最终更新
- DOI:
10.23970/ahrqepccovidimmunity3 - 发表时间:
2022 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:
H. Holmer;K. Mackey;Celia V. Fiordalisi;C. Armstrong;Emily G. Gean;Irina Arkhipova;M. Helfand - 通讯作者:
M. Helfand
Identifying Feasible Interventions to Prevent Long-Term Health Consequences of Psychotropic Medications Prescribed to Children at the Baird School
确定可行的干预措施,以防止贝尔德学校儿童服用精神药物造成长期健康后果
- DOI:
- 发表时间:
2011 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:
Irina Arkhipova;A. Harris;Lindsay T. Kleeman;A. Meyendorff;J. Victor;Jared M. Winikor;K. Wright;R. Kessler - 通讯作者:
R. Kessler
Expert System Technology Application in Seed Processing
- DOI:
10.1016/s1474-6670(17)47167-9 - 发表时间:
1995-06-01 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:
- 作者:
Peteris Rivzha;Irina Arkhipova - 通讯作者:
Irina Arkhipova
Retention Strategies for Medications for Addiction Treatment in Adults With Opioid Use Disorder: A Rapid Evidence Review
阿片类药物使用障碍成人成瘾治疗药物的保留策略:快速证据审查
- DOI:
10.23970/ahrqepcrapidmat - 发表时间:
2020 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:9.5
- 作者:
Brian Chan;Emily G. Gean;Irina Arkhipova;Jennifer Gilbert;J. Hilgart;Celia V. Fiordalisi;Kimberly A. Hubbard;Irene Brandt;E. Stoeger;Robin Paynter;P. T. Korthuis;J. Guise - 通讯作者:
J. Guise
Risk of Reinfection From SARS-CoV-2 – An Update of an Antibody Response Following SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Implications for Immunity: A Living Rapid Review
SARS-COV-2 再次感染的风险——SARS-COV-2 感染后抗体反应的更新及其对免疫的影响:实时快速回顾
- DOI:
- 发表时间:
2022 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:
M. Helfand;Celia V. Fiordalisi;J. Wiedrick;K. Ramsey;C. Armstrong;Emily G. Gean;Kara A Winchell;Irina Arkhipova - 通讯作者:
Irina Arkhipova
Irina Arkhipova的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Irina Arkhipova', 18)}}的其他基金
EAGER: Elucidating the basis of retrotransposon target preference
EAGER:阐明逆转录转座子目标偏好的基础
- 批准号:
2139001 - 财政年份:2021
- 资助金额:
$ 84.05万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Reverse Transcriptase-Related Genes and Their Biological Significance
逆转录酶相关基因及其生物学意义
- 批准号:
1121334 - 财政年份:2011
- 资助金额:
$ 84.05万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Mobile Genetic Elements in Sexual and Ancient Asexual Taxa
有性和古代无性分类群中的移动遗传元件
- 批准号:
0821956 - 财政年份:2008
- 资助金额:
$ 84.05万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
RPG: Origin of Retrotransposon RNA Polymerase III Transcripts in Drosophila
RPG:果蝇逆转录转座子 RNA 聚合酶 III 转录本的起源
- 批准号:
9629741 - 财政年份:1996
- 资助金额:
$ 84.05万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
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