Doctoral Dissertation Research: Explaining Voters Attachments to Charismatic Legacies

总结性总结传统智慧认为，有魅力的领导者死后魅力很快就会消失。那么，为什么许多人变得并一直依恋着一些有魅力的领导人的遗产呢？PI进行了一项调查实验，直接测试新领导人可以重新激活公民对政党的依恋的战略和条件，这些政党是作为有魅力的领导人的工具建立的，以获得政治支持。这项研究的结果将为关于跨学科的魅力领导的性质和后果的辩论提供信息，包括政治学、社会学、心理学和商业管理。此外，该项目将阐明不同类型的对魅力遗产的依恋可能如何加强或削弱民主代表制和选举竞争。最后，研究结果可以为具有强大魅力的国家的政治沟通和竞选策略提供参考。技术概述本项目调查公民对由有魅力的领导人创立的制度化程度较低的政治运动的依恋的性质和演变。PI认为，新领导人可以利用有魅力的创始人的遗产，通过以下三种机制之一维持或重新激活支持：1)通过计划和政策将公民与运动的联系联系起来的纲领性机制；2)假定公民的依恋通过参与运动的组织而得到保留的草根机制；3)表明公民的依恋仍然植根于创始人魅力的个人主义机制。PI通过一项调查实验来测试这三种机制，该实验考察了每种机制对公民对遗留政党的依恋的相对影响。每个人被随机分配阅读一篇简短的新闻，其中包含四个实验条件中的一个，其中三个将启动这场运动的纲领、草根或个性方面，第四个将不包含质数。随后，参与者将回答有关他们对该运动的认同感、对其领导人的支持、情感依恋以及政治态度和行为的问题。PI使用均值差和比例差测试来检查哪种机制为追随者对运动的依恋提供了基础。PI使用阿根廷和委内瑞拉作为感兴趣的案例。

General SummaryConventional wisdom suggests that charismatic leaders' allure fades quickly after their deaths. Why, then, do many individuals become and remain attached to the legacies of some charismatic leaders? The PI conducts a survey experiment that directly tests the strategies and conditions under which new leaders can reactivate citizens' attachment to political parties that were established as vehicles for charismatic leaders in order to garner political support. The results of this study will inform debates about the nature and consequences of charismatic leadership across disciplines including political science, sociology, psychology, and business management. Furthermore, the project will clarify how different types of attachment to charismatic legacies might strengthen or undermine democratic representation and electoral competition. Finally, the results can serve to inform political communication and campaign strategy in countries with strong charismatic legacies.Technical SummaryThis project investigates the nature and evolution of citizens' attachments to weakly institutionalized political movements founded by charismatic leaders. The PI argues that new leaders can tap into the charismatic founders' legacies to sustain or reactivate support through one of three mechanisms: 1) a programmatic mechanism that link citizens' ties to the movement through programs and policies; 2)a grassroots mechanism that posits that citizens' attachments are preserved through participation in the movement' organizations; 3) a personalistic mechanism that indicates that citizens' attachments remain anchored in the founder's charisma. The PI test these three mechanisms through a survey experiment that examines the relative influence of each mechanism on citizens' attachment to the legacy parties. Individuals are randomly assigned to read a short news piece containing one of four experimental conditions, three of which will prime either the programmatic, grassroots, or personalistic aspects of the movement, and the fourth of which will contain no prime. Subsequently, participants will answer questions about their identification with the movement, support for its leaders, emotional attachment, and political attitudes and behaviors. The PI uses difference-of-means and difference-of-proportions tests to examine which mechanism provides the basis for followers' attachments to the movement. The Pi uses Argentina and Venezuela as the cases of interest.