Doctoral Dissertation Research: Explaining Voters Attachments to Charismatic Legacies

博士论文研究：解释选民对魅力遗产的依恋

• 批准号: 1559643
• 负责人: Bethany Albertson
• 金额: $ 1.89万
• 依托单位: University of Texas at Austin
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-05-15 至 2017-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1559643&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Explaining; Voters

General SummaryConventional wisdom suggests that charismatic leaders' allure fades quickly after their deaths. Why, then, do many individuals become and remain attached to the legacies of some charismatic leaders? The PI conducts a survey experiment that directly tests the strategies and conditions under which new leaders can reactivate citizens' attachment to political parties that were established as vehicles for charismatic leaders in order to garner political support. The results of this study will inform debates about the nature and consequences of charismatic leadership across disciplines including political science, sociology, psychology, and business management. Furthermore, the project will clarify how different types of attachment to charismatic legacies might strengthen or undermine democratic representation and electoral competition. Finally, the results can serve to inform political communication and campaign strategy in countries with strong charismatic legacies.Technical SummaryThis project investigates the nature and evolution of citizens' attachments to weakly institutionalized political movements founded by charismatic leaders. The PI argues that new leaders can tap into the charismatic founders' legacies to sustain or reactivate support through one of three mechanisms: 1) a programmatic mechanism that link citizens' ties to the movement through programs and policies; 2)a grassroots mechanism that posits that citizens' attachments are preserved through participation in the movement' organizations; 3) a personalistic mechanism that indicates that citizens' attachments remain anchored in the founder's charisma. The PI test these three mechanisms through a survey experiment that examines the relative influence of each mechanism on citizens' attachment to the legacy parties. Individuals are randomly assigned to read a short news piece containing one of four experimental conditions, three of which will prime either the programmatic, grassroots, or personalistic aspects of the movement, and the fourth of which will contain no prime. Subsequently, participants will answer questions about their identification with the movement, support for its leaders, emotional attachment, and political attitudes and behaviors. The PI uses difference-of-means and difference-of-proportions tests to examine which mechanism provides the basis for followers' attachments to the movement. The Pi uses Argentina and Venezuela as the cases of interest.

传统观点认为，魅力型领导人的魅力在他们死后很快就会消失。那么，为什么许多人会成为并继续依附于某些魅力型领导人的遗产呢？公共政策研究所进行了一项调查实验，直接测试新领导人能够重新激活公民对政党的依恋的战略和条件，这些政党是作为魅力领袖的工具建立的，以获得政治支持。这项研究的结果将为跨学科的魅力型领导的性质和后果的辩论提供信息，包括政治学，社会学，心理学和商业管理。此外，该项目将阐明对魅力遗产的不同类型的依恋如何可能加强或破坏民主代表制和选举竞争。最后，结果可以用来通知政治沟通和运动战略的国家具有强大的魅力legacies.Technical SummaryThis项目调查的性质和演变的公民的附件弱制度化的政治运动建立魅力的领导人。PI认为，新的领导人可以利用魅力创始人的遗产，通过以下三种机制之一来维持或重新激活支持：1）通过计划和政策将公民与运动联系起来的计划机制; 2）通过参与运动组织来保持公民依恋的基层机制; 3）一种人格机制，表明公民的依恋仍然锚定在创始人的魅力。 PI通过一项调查实验对这三种机制进行了测试，该实验考察了每种机制对公民对传统政党的依恋的相对影响。受试者被随机分配阅读一则包含四个实验条件之一的简短新闻，其中三个条件将启动运动的纲领性、草根性或个人主义方面，第四个条件将不包含任何启动条件。随后，参与者将回答有关他们对运动的认同，对其领导人的支持，情感依恋以及政治态度和行为的问题。PI使用差异的手段和差异的比例测试，以检查哪种机制提供了追随者的附件的运动的基础。Pi使用阿根廷和委内瑞拉作为感兴趣的案例。