CSBR: Natural History Collections: Housing, Databasing, Digitizing and Accessibility Upgrades to the Largest Pacific Island Land Snail Collection (Bishop Museum)

CSBR：自然历史收藏：最大的太平洋岛屿陆地蜗牛收藏的住房、数据库、数字化和可访问性升级（毕夏普博物馆）

• 批准号: 1561774
• 负责人: Norine Yeung
• 金额: $ 49.56万
• 依托单位: Bernice P Bishop Museum
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-08-15 至 2020-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1561774&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CSBR; Natural; History; Collections; Housing

Islands comprise only five percent of the Earth's landmass, yet nowhere in the world, in relation to land area, does land snail diversity compare to that of the Pacific Islands, where more than 6,000 species occur. However, habitat destruction, environmental change and incursions by invasive species threaten populations of native land snails. Snails have the highest recorded extinction rate of any major animal group, and the majority of extinctions are from Pacific Islands. The largest Pacific Island land snail collection in the world is at the Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum (BPBM), which houses six million specimens. Natural history collections are critical to maintain research knowledge and to making decisions about biodiversity conservation. To secure this collection and improve accessibility to critical data for researchers, natural resource managers, students, and the public, this project will rehouse land snail specimens in environmentally stable and protective containers, image all original specimens from which species descriptions are based, and digitize all collection data so as to make these data readily available. The project team will recruit and train college and high school students to assist with this work and students will receive training in topics ranging from systematics to curation and museum conservation. Researchers and students will participate in outreach activities to increase public awareness of invertebrates, including land snails, their importance to natural ecosystems, and for monitoring environmental change, human migration and trade; and in the value of natural history collections to conserving and securing biodiversity.The security and accessibility of the largest and most biogeographically diverse Pacific Island land snail collection in the world will be ensured by completing the objectives of the project. Specifically, to safeguard against Byne's and glass disease, all cotton will be removed from the approximately 116,900 glass vials and replaced with polyethylene caps or archival foam. Approximately 5,000 lots with shells housed freely in no-lid boxes will be transferred to polystyrene friction boxes to secure them and prevent disassociation from labels. All labels are currently handwritten and these will be replaced by thermal transfer, acid-free labels with QR codes. Data from the ledger, labels, and other historical documents will be digitized, digitally curated, and images of Pacific island land snail primary types will be made available online and in type catalog publications. Specimen data and images will be made available through portals including iDigBio (idigbio.org), the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, and the BPBM website (bishopmuseum.org/PILS).

岛屿只占地球陆地面积的5%，但与陆地面积相比，世界上任何地方的陆地蜗牛多样性都比不上太平洋岛屿，那里有6000多种蜗牛。然而，栖息地破坏、环境变化和入侵物种的入侵威胁着本土蜗牛的数量。在所有主要动物中，蜗牛的灭绝速度是有记录以来最高的，而且大多数灭绝来自太平洋岛屿。世界上最大的太平洋岛陆蜗牛收藏在伯尼斯·波阿希主教博物馆(BPBM)，馆藏了600万个标本。自然历史收藏对于保持研究知识和做出关于生物多样性保护的决策至关重要。为了确保收集的安全性，并改善研究人员、自然资源管理者、学生和公众获取关键数据的机会，该项目将陆螺标本重新放置在环境稳定和保护的容器中，对所有物种描述所依据的原始标本进行成像，并将所有收集的数据数字化，以便随时获得这些数据。该项目团队将招募和培训大学生和高中生来协助这项工作，学生将接受从系统学到博物馆管理和博物馆保护等主题的培训。研究人员和学生将参加宣传活动，以提高公众对包括陆地蜗牛在内的无脊椎动物的认识，提高它们对自然生态系统的重要性，并监测环境变化、人类迁徙和贸易，以及自然历史收藏对保护和保护生物多样性的价值。通过完成项目的目标，将确保世界上最大和最具生物地理多样性的太平洋岛屿陆地蜗牛采集的安全性和可及性。具体地说，为了预防拜恩氏病和玻璃病，所有的棉花都将从大约116,900个玻璃瓶中取出，取而代之的是聚乙烯盖或档案泡沫。大约5,000批贝壳自由存放在无盖箱中的货物将被转移到聚苯乙烯摩擦箱中，以固定它们并防止与标签分离。目前所有标签都是手写的，这些标签将被带有二维码的热转印、无酸标签取代。分类账、标签和其他历史文件中的数据将被数字化、数字化管理，太平洋岛屿陆地蜗牛主要类型的图像将在网上和类型目录出版物中提供。标本数据和图像将通过iDigBio(idigBio.org)、全球生物多样性信息基金和BPBM网站(bishopmuseum.org/Pils)等门户网站提供。