Collaborative Research: Designer Glass Ceramics

合作研究：设计师玻璃陶瓷

• 批准号: 1600837
• 负责人: Amanda Petford-Long
• 金额: $ 31.97万
• 依托单位: Northwestern University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-07-01 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1600837&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Designer; Glass; Ceramics

Non-technical Description: This research creates special coatings for solar cells that increase the amount of the sun's energy that the cells can use, making them more efficient. The coatings also help reduce heating of the solar cells, which wastes energy. These coatings can be used with currently-available solar cell materials, enabling more attractive viability as a commercial product. The coatings may also be applied to light emitting diodes, helping control the color of light over a wide temperature range. Although not the focus of this investigation, the coatings have additional applications in medical X-ray imaging, non-destructive evaluation and homeland security. These research efforts are integrated with educational activities exposing graduate students to real world problems of energy saving as well as the full academic experience of information dissemination in the form of writing papers and presenting research, travel, grant writing and teaching. As part of the outreach activities, a summer internship is available for high school and undergraduate students, which gives a small number of students, each year, the opportunity to learn more about scientific research, perform experiments, give presentations, and participate in many other aspects of a scientific career. Technical Description: The aim of this activity is to develop novel 'designer' glass ceramics based on a modified fluorozirconate glass composition, and to explore their luminescence behavior. The ultimate goal is to gain insights leading to optimization of these designer nanocomposites for applications as wavelength shifters pertaining to up- and down-converters in solar cells and light emitting diodes. Pulsed laser deposition is used to synthesize layered nanocomposite materials so that very fine control of the distribution of the optically-active dopant and the nanocrystalline structure responsible for the optical behavior is achieved, leading to the development of a glass ceramic with enhanced light output. Systematic studies of optical behavior, as a function of parameters such as the designed distribution of the optically-active component layers within the glass matrix and the relative concentrations of optical dopants and nanocrystals, enable an understanding of how energy transfer between the luminescent dopant atoms and the nanocrystals (and thus the optical efficiency) can be controlled. The combination of in situ¬ transmission electron microscopy, ellipsometry and X-ray diffraction enables the structure-property relationships to be visualized and linked together. For example, critical control over optimum dopant position can be achieved by studying the diffusion paths of the dopants during in situ heating.

非技术描述：这项研究为太阳能电池创造了特殊的涂层，增加了电池可以使用的太阳能，使它们更有效率。涂层还有助于减少太阳能电池的发热，这会浪费能源。这些涂层可以与目前可用的太阳能电池材料一起使用，从而使其作为商业产品具有更有吸引力的可行性。该涂层也可以应用于发光二极管，帮助在宽温度范围内控制光的颜色。虽然不是这项调查的重点，但涂层在医学X射线成像，无损评估和国土安全方面有其他应用。这些研究工作与教育活动相结合，使研究生接触到节能的真实的世界问题，以及以撰写论文和介绍研究，旅行，赠款写作和教学的形式传播信息的完整学术经验。作为推广活动的一部分，高中和本科生可以参加暑期实习，这使每年少数学生有机会更多地了解科学研究，进行实验，做演讲，并参与科学事业的许多其他方面。技术说明：该活动的目的是开发基于改性氟锆酸盐玻璃组合物的新型“设计师”玻璃陶瓷，并探索其发光行为。最终目标是获得见解，从而优化这些设计师纳米复合材料，以用作与太阳能电池和发光二极管中的上转换器和下转换器相关的波长转换器。脉冲激光沉积用于合成层状纳米复合材料，从而实现对光学活性掺杂剂和负责光学行为的纳米晶结构的分布的非常精细的控制，从而导致具有增强的光输出的玻璃陶瓷的开发。对光学行为的系统研究，作为玻璃基质内光学活性组分层的设计分布以及光学掺杂剂和纳米晶体的相对浓度等参数的函数，使人们能够了解发光掺杂剂原子和纳米晶体之间的能量转移（以及光学效率）如何控制。原位透射电子显微镜、椭圆偏振法和X射线衍射的组合使得结构-性质关系能够可视化并联系在一起。例如，可以通过研究原位加热期间掺杂剂的扩散路径来实现对最佳掺杂剂位置的关键控制。