Development of Advanced Coronagraph Optics for Large Aperture Telescopes

大口径望远镜先进日冕仪光学器件的开发

• 批准号: 1602444
• 负责人: Garreth Ruane
• 金额: $ 8.9万
• 依托单位: Ruane Garreth J
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Fellowship Award
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-10-01 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1602444&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Development; Advanced; Coronagraph; Optics; Large

Gareth Ruane is awarded an NSF Astronomy and Astrophysics Postdoctoral Fellowship to carry out a program of research and education at the California Institute of Technology. Ruane will build and test instruments designed to study the detection of Earth-like planets around other stars ("exoplanets"). The search for signatures of biological activity in the atmospheres of Earth-like planets, the aim of this work, is a major effort in the study of exoplanets. This award could also lead to significant advances in the capabilities of astronomical instrumentation. In addition to instrument development, Ruane will lead a program within the Pasadena Unified School District designed to encourage interest in science and engineering in a diverse population of students from historically underrepresented groups.The detection of biosignatures in the spectrum of an Earth-like exoplanet requires instruments that can discriminate light from a host star many magnitudes brighter than the exoplanet, over a large spectral bandwidth, coupled with high throughput from the off-axis planet. With the construction of larger telescopes, the newer structures in the telescope apertures introduce diffraction of the brighter starlight, complicating the existing mechanisms used for starlight suppression. Ruane has designed new types of optical components that are optimized for large, obstructed, potentially segmented telescope apertures similar to those planned for ground-based and space-based telescopes. These designs will be refined and tested both in laboratories at Caltech and JPL, and on sky at the Palomar and Keck Observatories. Ruane will also conduct an outreach program aimed at encouraging interest in science and engineering among students at the Pasadena Unified School District.

Gareth Ruane被授予NSF天文学和天体物理学博士后奖学金，在加州理工学院开展研究和教育计划。Ruane将建造和测试旨在研究探测其他恒星周围的类地行星（“系外行星”）的仪器。这项工作的目的是在类地行星的大气中寻找生物活动的特征，这是系外行星研究中的一项重大努力。该奖项还可能导致天文仪器能力的重大进步。 除了仪器开发，Ruane还将在帕萨迪纳联合学区领导一个项目，旨在鼓励来自历史上代表性不足的群体的多样化学生对科学和工程的兴趣。在类地系外行星光谱中检测生物特征需要能够在大光谱带宽上区分比系外行星亮许多量级的宿主星星的光的仪器，再加上离轴行星齿轮的高产量。随着更大望远镜的建造，望远镜孔径中的新结构引入了较亮星光的衍射，使现有的星光抑制机制变得复杂。Ruane设计了新型的光学元件，这些元件针对大型，受阻，可能分段的望远镜孔径进行了优化，类似于地面和太空望远镜的计划。这些设计将在加州理工学院和喷气推进实验室的实验室以及帕洛玛和凯克天文台的天空中进行改进和测试。Ruane还将开展一项推广计划，旨在鼓励帕萨迪纳联合学区学生对科学和工程的兴趣。