Doctoral Dissertation Research: Exposure to Environmental Hazards: Analyzing the Location and Distribution of Landfills in the Contiguous United States

博士论文研究：环境危害暴露：分析美国本土垃圾填埋场的位置和分布

• 批准号: 1602813
• 负责人: Kevin Gotham
• 金额: $ 1.2万
• 依托单位: Tulane University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-05-01 至 2018-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1602813&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Exposure; Environmental

SES-1602813Kevin GothamClare CannonTulane UniversityThis research examines who is impacted in the contiguous United States by environmental hazards in the form of landfills (all types?construction and demolition, industrial, and municipal) and in what ways are people exposed to such socio-environmental inequalities. Much research has shown that people, based on their social location, differentially experience exposure to environmental hazards. This research seeks to add to our understanding of who is affected, to what extent, and why some people may experience greater exposure to environmental harms than others. Furthermore, this research implements an intersectionality approach in the investigation of who is affected by environmental harms. To answer these questions, this research will test for and identify the socioeconomic, ethnic/racial, and gender-based determinants of the spatial location and distribution of landfills in the United States. For this research project, the co-PI will create a novel dataset of all types of landfills (e.g., construction and demolition (C&D), industrial, municipal, disaster-generated) at the county level across the contiguous United States in conjunction with data from the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) and the Census Bureau to answer research questions. These data will be used to test several hypotheses concerning whether the socioeconomic status, racial/ethnic status, or gender status of a community is a major predictor in the level of exposure to landfills. The data will be analyzed using GIS mapping, OLS regression, and structural equation modeling to obtain a predictive model for the spatial location and distribution of landfills. Theoretically derived hypotheses will be tested by combining quantitative data and statistical analyses on the location of landfills with qualitative interviews of andomly selected households (N = 30-40 respondents) living near five randomly selected landfills. Interview data will provide novel insights on how residents living near landfills assess environmental risk, how they view landfills as hazards, and the decision-making processes underlying their views of environmental degradation and inequality. Empirically, we seek to identify the factors that predict landfill location and distribution across the U.S., an important issue given that landfill distribution may reflect and reinforce differential access to privileges, resources, risks, and vulnerabilities. Theoretically, we aim to understand whether and how environmental inequality and risk are influenced by racial minority status, poverty and socioeconomic status, or gender status.

SES-1602813凯文戈谭克莱尔坎农杜兰大学这项研究探讨了谁是在美国本土的影响，由环境危害的形式，垃圾填埋场（所有类型？建筑和拆除、工业和市政），以及人们以何种方式受到这种社会环境不平等的影响。许多研究表明，人们根据其社会位置，对环境危害的体验不同。这项研究旨在增加我们对谁受到影响，影响程度以及为什么有些人可能比其他人更容易受到环境危害的理解。此外，本研究在调查谁受到环境危害的影响时采用了交叉性方法。为了回答这些问题，本研究将测试和确定的社会经济，民族/种族和基于性别的决定因素的空间位置和分布的垃圾填埋场在美国。对于这个研究项目，合作伙伴将创建一个新的数据集的所有类型的垃圾填埋场（例如，建筑和拆除（C D），工业，市政，灾害产生的）在整个美国相邻的县一级结合数据从联邦应急管理局（FEMA）和人口普查局回答研究问题。这些数据将被用来测试几个假设，是否社会经济地位，种族/民族地位，或性别地位的社区是一个主要的预测暴露于垃圾填埋场的水平。 将使用GIS制图、OLS回归和结构方程模型对数据进行分析，以获得垃圾填埋场空间位置和分布的预测模型。理论推导的假设将通过结合定量数据和统计分析的垃圾填埋场的位置与随机选择的家庭（N = 30-40受访者）的定性访谈随机选择的五个垃圾填埋场附近的生活。访谈数据将提供有关生活在垃圾填埋场附近的居民如何评估环境风险的新见解，他们如何将垃圾填埋场视为危险，以及他们对环境退化和不平等的看法背后的决策过程。 从经验上讲，我们试图确定预测美国垃圾填埋场位置和分布的因素，这是一个重要的问题，因为填埋场的分布可能反映和加强在特权、资源、风险和脆弱性方面的差别。从理论上讲，我们的目标是了解环境不平等和风险是否以及如何受到少数民族地位，贫困和社会经济地位或性别地位的影响。