Doctoral Dissertation Research: Exposure to Environmental Hazards: Analyzing the Location and Distribution of Landfills in the Contiguous United States

SES-1602813 Kevin GothamClare Cannon Tulane University这项研究调查了在毗邻的美国，谁受到垃圾填埋场形式的环境危害的影响(所有类型？建筑和拆除、工业和市政)，以及人们以什么方式暴露在这种社会环境不平等中。许多研究表明，人们根据其社会位置的不同，暴露在环境危害中的经历是不同的。这项研究试图增加我们对谁受到影响、受影响的程度以及为什么一些人可能比其他人更容易受到环境危害的理解。此外，这项研究在调查谁受到环境危害的影响时采用了交叉性方法。为了回答这些问题，这项研究将测试并确定美国垃圾填埋场空间位置和分布的社会经济、民族/种族和基于性别的决定因素。对于这一研究项目，联合PI将结合联邦紧急事务管理局(FEMA)和人口普查局的数据，创建一个新颖的数据集，涵盖美国毗邻地区的县级所有类型的垃圾填埋场(例如，建设和拆除(C&A；D)、工业、市政、灾难产生的垃圾填埋场)，以回答研究问题。这些数据将被用来检验几个假设，即一个社区的社会经济地位、种族/民族地位或性别地位是否是垃圾填埋场暴露水平的主要预测因素。这些数据将使用地理信息系统制图、OLS回归和结构方程建模进行分析，以获得垃圾填埋场空间位置和分布的预测模型。理论上得出的假设将通过结合对垃圾填埋场位置的定量数据和统计分析，以及对居住在随机选择的五个垃圾填埋场附近的随机选择的家庭(N=30-40名受访者)的定性访谈来检验。访谈数据将为生活在垃圾填埋场附近的居民提供新的见解，了解他们如何评估环境风险，他们如何将垃圾填埋场视为危险，以及他们对环境退化和不平等的看法背后的决策过程。经验上，我们试图确定预测美国各地垃圾填埋场位置和分布的因素，这是一个重要的问题，因为垃圾填埋场分布可能反映并强化对特权、资源、风险和漏洞的差异化访问。从理论上讲，我们的目标是了解环境不平等和风险是否以及如何受到少数民族地位、贫困和社会经济地位或性别地位的影响。

SES-1602813Kevin GothamClare CannonTulane UniversityThis research examines who is impacted in the contiguous United States by environmental hazards in the form of landfills (all types?construction and demolition, industrial, and municipal) and in what ways are people exposed to such socio-environmental inequalities. Much research has shown that people, based on their social location, differentially experience exposure to environmental hazards. This research seeks to add to our understanding of who is affected, to what extent, and why some people may experience greater exposure to environmental harms than others. Furthermore, this research implements an intersectionality approach in the investigation of who is affected by environmental harms. To answer these questions, this research will test for and identify the socioeconomic, ethnic/racial, and gender-based determinants of the spatial location and distribution of landfills in the United States. For this research project, the co-PI will create a novel dataset of all types of landfills (e.g., construction and demolition (C&D), industrial, municipal, disaster-generated) at the county level across the contiguous United States in conjunction with data from the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) and the Census Bureau to answer research questions. These data will be used to test several hypotheses concerning whether the socioeconomic status, racial/ethnic status, or gender status of a community is a major predictor in the level of exposure to landfills. The data will be analyzed using GIS mapping, OLS regression, and structural equation modeling to obtain a predictive model for the spatial location and distribution of landfills. Theoretically derived hypotheses will be tested by combining quantitative data and statistical analyses on the location of landfills with qualitative interviews of andomly selected households (N = 30-40 respondents) living near five randomly selected landfills. Interview data will provide novel insights on how residents living near landfills assess environmental risk, how they view landfills as hazards, and the decision-making processes underlying their views of environmental degradation and inequality. Empirically, we seek to identify the factors that predict landfill location and distribution across the U.S., an important issue given that landfill distribution may reflect and reinforce differential access to privileges, resources, risks, and vulnerabilities. Theoretically, we aim to understand whether and how environmental inequality and risk are influenced by racial minority status, poverty and socioeconomic status, or gender status.