Midisuperspace laboratories for the dynamics of loop quantum gravity

黑洞如何蒸发的研究可能是当今理论物理学中最重要的悬而未决的问题。它的解决方案需要了解现代物理学的两大支柱--引力和量子场论--在最极端的区域内的行为。理解物理理论如何在具有挑战性的制度中相互吻合，过去曾导致人们对壮观后果的洞察。这方面的一个例子可能是麦克斯韦尔对电和磁是如何结合在一起的理解，这一综合导致了无线电波的发现，以及它们在我们社会中引发的变革性变化。这类工作的第二个非常重要的目标是形成非常高素质的人力资源。受过这些学科训练的物理学家已经做出了贡献，在工业、金融和科学领域获得了有价值的职业。该小组将研究环路量子引力技术在球对称背景下的应用，最终目标是理解黑洞蒸发。他们将研究生活在球对称量子时空中的量子场的反向反应，这是他们在之前的一个项目中开发的。量子时空的离散性自然而然地使量子场论的无限正规化，从而产生有限的所有结果。研究反作用将需要比我们目前所拥有的更现实的量子时空，包括动力学演化。他们提出了寻找塌缩壳层的量子时空，并计算生活在其上的场的反向反应。除此之外，他们还建议研究我们到目前为止所拥有的量子时空的结构，特别是在极端和超极端带电黑洞以及解中出现的柯西视界的情况下的奇异性结构。他们还建议继续研究均匀离散化作为一种量子化方法，特别是与用于构建球形量子时空的精确量子化相比，后者依赖于约束代数的阿贝利亚化，人们不希望将这一条件推广到更复杂的模型。他们还将探索时间问题的建议，以及随后解决量子力学测量问题的建议。他们希望探索比到目前为止已制定的模型更一般的模型，并研究强涌现问题。

The study of how black holes evaporate is perhaps the most important outstanding problem in theoretical physics today. Its solution requires understanding the behavior of two of the pillars of modern physics, gravity and quantum field theory, in their most extreme regimes. Understanding how physical theories fit together in challenging regimes has in the past led to insights of spectacular consequences. An example of this could be Maxwell's understanding of how electricity and magnetism fit together, a synthesis that led to the discovery of radio waves, with the ensuing transformational changes they induced in our society. A second very important objective of this type of work is the formation of human resources of very high quality. Physicists trained in these disciplines have moved on to make contributions leading to rewarding careers in industry and in finance, as well as science.The group will study the application of techniques of loop quantum gravity in spherically symmetric contexts with the ultimate goal of understanding black hole evaporation. They will study the back-reaction of quantum fields living on spherically symmetric quantum space-times that they developed in a previous project. The discreteness of the quantum space-time naturally regularizes the infinities of quantum field theory yielding all results finite. To study the back reaction will require quantum space-times more realistic than the ones we have up to now, including dynamical evolution. They propose to find the quantum space-time of a collapsing shell and compute the back reaction of fields living on it. In addition to this they propose studying the structure of the quantum space-times we have up to now, in particular their singularity structure in the case of extremal and super extremal charged black holes and the Cauchy horizons that appear in the solutions. They also propose to continue the study of uniform discretizations as a quantization approach, in particular comparing with the exact quantization that was used to construct the spherical quantum space-times, which relied on the Abelianization of the algebra of constraints, a condition that one does not expect to generalize for more complex models. They will also explore a proposal for the problem of time and an ensuing proposal for solving the measurement problem in quantum mechanics. They wish to explore more general models than the ones worked out up to now and to study the issue of strong emergence.