The Degree of Synchrony Across Physiological and Behavioral Indicators in Aggression

攻击性生理和行为指标的同步程度

• 批准号: 1606976
• 负责人: Gayla Margolin
• 金额: $ 23.76万
• 依托单位: University of Southern California
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-09-01 至 2021-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1606976&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Degree; Synchrony; Across; Physiological; Behavioral

The Directorate of Social, Behavioral and Economic Sciences offers postdoctoral research fellowships to provide opportunities for recent doctoral graduates to obtain additional training, to gain research experience under the sponsorship of established scientists, and to broaden their scientific horizons beyond their undergraduate and graduate training. Postdoctoral fellowships are further designed to assist new scientists to direct their research efforts across traditional disciplinary lines and to avail themselves of unique research resources, sites, and facilities, including at foreign locations. This postdoctoral fellowship award supports a rising scholar at the intersection of Psychology and Engineering (Dynamical Systems). In an increasingly collaborative domain of science, this project represents a unique interdisciplinary direction that should be beneficial for both the fields. The main focus of this project is dating aggression, which poses significant societal problems including the continuity of aggression into committed long-term relationships, negative future implications for parenting, and an array of physical and mental health problems. Identifying mechanisms that explain dating aggression is crucial to interrupting maladaptive patterns of communication and bolstering healthy developmental trajectories for relationships. In contrast to prior research that focuses primarily on global individual characteristics associated with dating aggression, the present study is designed to capture dynamic unfolding of moment-to-moment relational processes that ultimately may lead to aggression. This postdoctoral fellowship award supports a recent Ph.D. who aims to transform the scientific study of dating partner aggression through the interdisciplinary integration of novel technologies from psychology and electrical engineering. The focus of investigation is each partner's physiological state, which will be measured through behavioral, vocal, and physiological channels. Coordination across channels of physiological conditions -within individuals as well as between the dating partners-will be tested as putative factors in current experiences of couple aggression as well as past legacies from exposure to aggression in the dating partners' family-of-origin. Better understanding of factors associated with dating aggression-particularly modifiable factors such communication processes and accompanying physiological states can ultimately inform prevention and intervention efforts designed to reduce dating aggression. Decreasing the incidence of dating aggression as well as limiting the transmission of aggression across generations are priorities for multiple stakeholders: individuals, families, researchers, clinicians, and policy-makers. The goal of the present project is to expand what is known about dating partner aggression and its link to family-of-origin aggression by identifying patterns of interaction and of physiological conditions that are indices of risk versus resilience for couple aggression. The theoretical innovation of this proposal lies in the conceptualization and testing of synchrony versus asynchrony across different physiological indices: vocal, physiological and psychological. Young dating couples will engage in multiple emotionally-charged discussions during which behaviors, vocal qualities, and physiology (e.g., heart rate, skin conductance) are measured and recorded. Engineering-based methods of acoustic analysis and biomedical signal processing along with psychology-based human coding of behaviors and emotions will allow for the simultaneous capture of multiple regulatory processes. It is hypothesized that patterns of synchrony versus asynchrony across different channels will further knowledge of how ongoing regulatory processes contribute to relational aggression (e.g., physiological states that are not accompanied by concomitant behavioral ones may circumvent escalation). Risk and resilience for aggression, often studied as trait-like propensities, will be examined here from relational perspectives. By focusing on young adults who are in early stages of significant intimate relationships and through the application of novel technologies, this study will advance scientific inquiry on relationship aggression as well as on the continuity of aggression across generations.

社会、行为和经济科学理事会提供博士后研究金，为最近的博士毕业生提供获得额外培训的机会，在知名科学家的赞助下获得研究经验，并在本科和研究生培训之外拓宽他们的科学视野。博士后研究金的进一步设计是为了帮助新科学家跨越传统学科领域指导他们的研究工作，并利用独特的研究资源、地点和设施，包括在国外。这个博士后奖学金支持在心理学和工程（动力系统）的交叉点上升的学者。在一个日益合作的科学领域，这个项目代表了一个独特的跨学科方向，应该是有益的两个领域。该项目的主要重点是约会侵略，这会带来重大的社会问题，包括侵略的持续性，对父母的负面影响，以及一系列身心健康问题。识别解释约会攻击的机制对于中断不适应的沟通模式和支持关系的健康发展轨迹至关重要。与之前主要关注与约会攻击相关的全球个体特征的研究相反，本研究旨在捕捉最终可能导致攻击的时刻到时刻的关系过程的动态展开。这个博士后奖学金支持最近的博士学位。他的目标是通过心理学和电气工程的新技术的跨学科整合来改变约会伴侣侵略的科学研究。调查的重点是每个合作伙伴的生理状态，这将通过行为，声音和生理渠道进行测量。跨渠道的生理条件的协调-在个人以及约会伙伴之间-将被测试为推定的因素，在目前的经验，夫妇的侵略，以及过去的遗产，从暴露于侵略的约会伙伴的家庭的起源。更好地了解与约会侵略相关的因素，特别是可修改的因素，如沟通过程和伴随的生理状态，最终可以为预防和干预措施提供信息，以减少约会侵略。减少约会攻击的发生率以及限制攻击跨代传播是多个利益相关者的优先事项：个人，家庭，研究人员，临床医生和政策制定者。 本项目的目标是通过识别互动模式和生理条件（即夫妻攻击的风险与弹性指数），扩大对约会伴侣攻击及其与家庭起源攻击的联系的了解。本研究的理论创新之处在于对声音、生理和心理等不同生理指标的同步性和同步性进行了概念化和测试。年轻的约会情侣会进行多种充满情感的讨论，在此期间，行为，声音质量和生理（例如，心率、皮肤电导）被测量和记录。基于工程的声学分析和生物医学信号处理方法，沿着基于心理学的人类行为和情感编码，将允许同时捕获多个调节过程。假设跨不同渠道的同步与同步模式将进一步了解正在进行的调节过程如何有助于关系攻击（例如，没有伴随行为状态的生理状态可以规避升级）。攻击的风险和弹性，通常作为特质倾向进行研究，将在这里从关系的角度进行研究。通过关注处于重要亲密关系早期阶段的年轻人，并通过应用新技术，这项研究将推进对关系攻击以及跨代攻击连续性的科学探究。