Collaborative Research: Perovskite Photodetectors with Microcavity Organic Light Emitting Diodes for Sensing Applications

翻译后摘要：非技术：有一个不断增长的需求，小尺寸的化学和生物传感器，使其集成到现有的和发展中的技术，如可穿戴电子产品。拟议的研究将通过开发这种紧凑，灵敏，可靠，最终用户友好，廉价，灵活和现场部署的传感器来满足这一需求。从长远来看，传感器将适用于医疗检测、水和食品质量监测以及安全检查等应用。除了推进重要的（生物）化学传感领域，该项目还将通过在多元化和高度跨学科的环境中教育学生来造福社会，培养高素质的科学家/工程师，他们将为这一重要的多方面领域做出贡献，解决材料和设备设计中的关键挑战。该项目的成功预计将大大推进与救生分析应用相结合的薄膜柔性电子领域。技术：拟议研究的具体目标是推进紧凑，灵敏，可靠，最终用户友好，廉价，灵活，现场部署，集成光致发光（PL）为基础的化学/生物传感器，包括在多个分析物阵列的发展。这一目标满足了医疗测试、水和食品质量监测以及安全检查等应用中对传感器持续小型化的日益增长的需求。此外，这种小尺寸传感器将使其能够集成到现有和正在开发的技术中，例如，可穿戴电子产品。为了实现拟议研究的目标，需要进行基础科学和工程研究。薄膜……基于V的微腔有机发光二极管（mcOLED）将被用作光激发源;它们将与混合的基于钙钛矿的光电探测器（PD）集成。mcOLED将在单个衬底上组合制造，提供窄发射带（半高全宽FWHM~20 nm）。由不同的活性材料和微腔尺寸产生的发射峰的范围将从红光到近紫外。这种mcOLED的均匀密集阵列尚未实现，将与两种类型的高响应性钙钛矿PD（尚未探索的方法）集成：在宽光谱范围内响应的那些和在窄范围内响应的那些。将在两种操作模式下监测生物/化学分析物，测量分析物诱导的（i）使用窄带PD的PL强度变化和（ii）使用两种PD类型的PL衰减时间变化。开发这两种方法将提高选择性和特异性。重要的是，为了实现有利的PL监测，在可行的情况下，将通过对它们与材料、电荷迁移率、层结构和厚度、缺陷以及器件设计的关系的基础研究来评估和优化mcOLED和PD，以缩短脉冲电致发光（EL）衰减时间和PD响应时间。集成的紧凑型传感器将被证明为两种阵列类型：（i）那些通过监测PL来操作的，例如，O2、溶解O2、葡萄糖、乳酸盐、胆固醇和乙醇，以及（2）主要通过监测IPL来操作的那些，例如，pH测量和免疫测定，这是生物和健康监测的重要性。该提案中概述的方法将为柔性基板上的小型化分析工具铺平道路，并与微流体架构集成。阵列设计，属性优化，示范应用，并初步探索柔性器件预计将显着推进有机和混合电子学和分析方法的领域。

Abstract:Non-Technical:There is a growing need for small-size chemical and biological sensors to enable their integration into existing and developing technologies such as wearable electronics. The proposed research will address this need by developing such compact, sensitive, reliable, eventually user-friendly, inexpensive, flexible, and field-deployable sensors. In the long run the sensors will be adapted for applications such as medical testing, water and food quality monitoring, and security inspection. In addition to advancing the vital (bio) chemical sensing field, the project will benefit society by educating students in a diverse and highly interdisciplinary environment, producing highly qualified scientists/engineers who will contribute to this important multifaceted field, addressing key challenges in materials and device designs. The success of the project is expected to significantly advance the fields of thin film flexible electronics in conjunction with life-saving analytical applications.Technical:The specific goal of the proposed research is to advance the development of compact, sensitive, reliable, eventually user-friendly, inexpensive, flexible, and field-deployable, integrated photoluminescence (PL)-based chem/bio sensors, including in multiple analyte arrays. This objective addresses the growing need for continued miniaturization of sensors in applications such as medical testing, water and food quality monitoring, and security inspection. Moreover, such small-size sensors will enable their integration into existing and developing technologies, e.g., wearable electronics. To accomplish the objective of the proposed research fundamental science and engineering research is required. Thin film¡Vbased microcavity organic light emitting diodes (mcOLEDs) will be used as optical excitation sources; they will be integrated with hybrid, perovskite-based photodetectors (PDs). The mcOLEDs will be fabricated combinatorially on a single substrate, providing narrow emission bands (full width half max FWHM~20 nm). The emission peaks, produced by different active materials and microcavity dimensions, will range from the red to the near UV. The uniform dense array of such mcOLEDs, yet unachieved, will be integrated with two types of highly responsive perovskite PDs (an approach not yet explored): those responsive over a broad spectral range and those responsive over a narrow range. Bio/chem analytes will be monitored in two modes of operation, measuring analyte-induced changes in the (i) PL intensity using narrow-band PDs and (ii) PL decay time using both PD types. Developing both approaches will enhance selectivity and specificity. Importantly, to enable the advantageous PL monitoring where viable, the mcOLEDs and PDs will be evaluated and optimized to shorten the pulsed electroluminescence (EL) decay time and the PDs¡¦ response time by fundamental studies of their relation to materials, charge mobility, layer structures and thickness, defects, and device design. The integrated compact sensors will be demonstrated for two array types: (i) those operated by monitoring PL for, e.g., O2, dissolved O2, glucose, lactate, cholesterol, and ethanol, and (2) those operated largely by monitoring IPL as in e.g., pH measurement and immunoassays, which are of biological and health monitoring importance. The approaches outlined in this proposal will pave the way to miniaturized analytical tools on flexible substrates, integrated with microfluidic architectures. Array designs, attribute optimization, the demonstrated applications, and initial exploration of flexible devices are expected to significantly advance the fields of organic and hybrid electronics and analytical methodologies.