Collaborative Research: Scalable Nanomanufacturing of Perovskite-Analogue Nanocrystals via Continuous Flow Reactors

合作研究：通过连续流反应器进行钙钛矿类似物纳米晶体的可扩展纳米制造

• 批准号: 2315997
• 负责人: Ou Chen
• 金额: $ 36万
• 依托单位: Brown University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2024
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2024-01-01 至 2026-12-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2315997&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Scalable; Nanomanufacturing; Perovskite

Lead halide perovskite nanocrystals are an emerging class of materials for next-generation photonic devices. However, the toxicity of lead has prevented them from being fully adopted by renewable energy technologies. Substitution of lead ions with eco-friendly metal ions such as copper, is a promising strategy to alleviate the toxicity issues of lead halide perovskite nanocrystals. However, scalable manufacturing of lead-free metal halide perovskites, known as perovskite-analogues, remains a challenge. This grant supports a collaborative research project that generates new knowledge related to scalable nanomanufacturing of high-performing perovskite-analogue nanocrystals using reconfigurable and modular continuous flow reactors. The new advanced manufacturing process leverages the high-throughput data generation capability of continuous flow reactors integrated with in-situ spectral characterization probes to enable precision synthesis of perovskite-analogue nanocrystals using a machine learning-assisted experimentation strategy. Lead-free semiconductor nanocrystals are increasingly preferred in photonic devices such as smart windows and luminescent solar concentrators. Large-scale manufacturing of lead-free perovskite-analogue nanocrystals with minimum energy loss can significantly reduce the total energy consumption across the U.S. and thereby benefit the nation's prosperity, health, and security. This collaborative research integrates multiple fields, including advanced manufacturing, materials chemistry, flow reactor engineering, and data science. The convergent nature of this collaborative project facilities broadening participation of women and other underrepresented groups in research and helps train next-generation leaders in science and engineering. The project plans to use YouTube to broadly disseminate the generated nanomanufacturing knowledge.Scalable manufacturing of perovskite-analogue nanocrystals is a time- and resource-intensive undertaking using conventional batch reactors. This challenge is mainly due to the fast formation kinetics of perovskite-analogue nanocrystals, resulting in process-dependent nanocrystal properties. This collaborative research project is to address the advanced manufacturing knowledge gaps in scalable production of perovskite-analogue nanocrystals. The research team plans to utilize reconfigurable and modular flow reactors to study high-temperature precision nanomanufacturing of copper-based perovskite-analogue nanocrystals using a decoupled precursor chemistry. Through integration of data science with automated flow reactors, the high-dimensional nanomanufacturing space of copper-based perovskite-analogue nanocrystals are rapidly explored to identify optimal nanomanufacturing routes of fabricating high-performance nanocrystals with desired optical and optoelectronic properties for device applications. The application of reconfigurable and modular continuous flow reactors with on-demand and selective precursor heating capability to nanomanufacturing is unique and a powerful way to enable precision manufacturing and increase production scale at which copper-based perovskite-analogue nanocrystals and other energy-relevant materials can be economically manufactured.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

卤化铅钙钛矿纳米晶是一类新兴的新一代光子器件材料。然而，铅的毒性阻碍了它们被可再生能源技术完全采用。用铜等对环境友好的金属离子取代铅离子，是缓解卤化铅钙钛矿纳米晶毒性问题的一种有前途的策略。然而，无铅金属卤化物钙钛矿的可规模化制造，即所谓的钙钛矿类似物，仍然是一个挑战。这笔赠款支持一个合作研究项目，该项目产生与使用可重新配置的模块化连续流动反应器制造高性能钙钛矿类似纳米晶体的可伸缩纳米制造相关的新知识。新的先进制造工艺利用了连续流动反应器的高通量数据生成能力，与原位光谱表征探针相结合，使用机器学习辅助实验策略实现了钙钛矿类纳米晶的精确合成。无铅半导体纳米晶越来越多地被用于智能窗户和发光太阳能聚光器等光子器件中。以最小的能量损失大规模生产无铅钙钛矿类纳米晶可以显著降低美国的总能源消耗，从而有利于国家的繁荣、健康和安全。这项合作研究涉及多个领域，包括先进制造、材料化学、流动反应堆工程和数据科学。这一合作项目的趋同性质有助于扩大妇女和其他代表性不足群体在研究中的参与，并有助于培训科学和工程领域的下一代领导人。该项目计划使用YouTube来广泛传播产生的纳米制造知识。使用传统的间歇反应器可规模地制造类似钙钛矿的纳米晶体是一项耗时和资源密集型的工作。这一挑战主要是由于钙钛矿类纳米晶的快速形成动力学，导致了纳米晶性能与工艺有关。这一合作研究项目旨在解决钙钛矿类纳米晶体可规模化生产中先进制造知识的空白。该研究小组计划利用可重构和模块化的流动反应器，利用解耦前驱体化学研究高温精密纳米制造铜基钙钛矿类似纳米晶体。通过将数据科学与自动化流动反应器相结合，快速探索铜基钙钛矿类纳米晶体的高维纳米制造空间，以确定制造具有所需光学和光电性能的高性能纳米晶体的最佳纳米制造路线。将具有按需和选择性前体加热能力的可重构和模块化连续流动反应器应用于纳米制造是独一无二的，是实现精密制造和扩大生产规模的有力途径，在这种规模下，可以经济地制造铜基钙钛矿型类似纳米晶和其他能源相关材料。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。