SusChEM: Halide Double Perovskites a New Class of Lead-Free Compound Semiconductors

SusChEM：卤化物双钙钛矿是一种新型无铅化合物半导体

• 批准号: 1610631
• 负责人: Patrick Woodward
• 金额: $ 42.36万
• 依托单位: Ohio State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-06-01 至 2020-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1610631&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SusChEM; Halide; Double; Perovskites; New

Non-technical AbstractThe lead halide perovskites possess the electrical and optical properties of conventional semiconductors, but unlike most semiconductors they can be prepared by simple inexpensive methods including deposition from solution. They are attractive for many applications, the most exciting of which is in solar cells where the efficiencies have 20% and are now comparable to single crystal silicon solar cells. Their biggest liability is the toxicity that comes from the presence of lead. With the support of the Solid State and Materials Chemistry program, the proposed research aims to discover and develop halide double perovskites, an emerging class of semiconductors that possess many of the favorable characteristics of the lead halide perovskites, but without the presence of toxic elements like lead. In this way the research aims to dramatically increase the feasibility and sustainability of halide perovskites for technological applications. Technical AbstractNew materials will be found via computationally guided exploratory synthesis. Detailed characterization of the optical and electrical properties will provide the necessary feedback to design materials with properties that are optimized for applications. The proposed research will significantly expand the scope of the halide double perovskites producing materials whose band gaps continuously span the spectral range from UV to near-infrared. Growth of single crystals and thin films will provide a fundamental understanding of the carrier mobilities, lifetimes, and diffusion lengths in this class of materials. By finding materials with appropriate band gaps materials will be developed that can compete with the lead halide perovskites for use in solar cells and other applications including quantum dots, scintillators, and transparent conductors.

非技术摘要卤化铅钙钛矿具有传统半导体的电学和光学性质，但与大多数半导体不同的是，它们可以通过简单而廉价的方法制备，包括从溶液中沉积。它们对许多应用都很有吸引力，其中最令人兴奋的是太阳能电池，其效率达到20%，现在可以与单晶硅太阳能电池相媲美。他们最大的责任是铅的存在带来的毒性。在固态和材料化学计划的支持下，这项拟议的研究旨在发现和开发卤化物双钙钛矿，这是一种新兴的半导体，具有卤化铅钙钛矿的许多有利特征，但不存在铅等有毒元素。通过这种方式，这项研究的目的是极大地提高卤化物钙钛矿用于技术应用的可行性和可持续性。技术摘要通过计算引导的探索性合成将发现新材料。光学和电学性能的详细表征将为设计具有针对应用优化的性能的材料提供必要的反馈。这项拟议的研究将大大扩大卤化物双钙钛矿材料的生产范围，这些材料的带隙连续跨越从紫外线到近红外的光谱范围。单晶和薄膜的生长将提供对这类材料中载流子迁移率、寿命和扩散长度的基本了解。通过寻找具有适当带隙的材料，将开发出可与卤化铅钙钛矿竞争的材料，用于太阳能电池和其他应用，包括量子点、闪烁体和透明导体。