A Tibetan Cradle of Evolution - in-situ speciation and Out-of-Tibet radiations in passerine model species

西藏进化的摇篮 - 雀形目模型物种的原位物种形成和西藏外辐射

• 批准号: 224578574
• 负责人: Dr. Martin Päckert
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Museum für Tierkunde
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2011-12-31 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/224578574?language=en
• 关键词: Tibetan; Cradle; Evolution; situ; speciation

In our DFG-funded project we identified two passerine bird clades with a center of origin and diversification on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP) and along its margins. From these two genera, we choose two target species pairs (terminal clades) for a follow-up study. Target species originated from Pleistocene lineage splits and comprise at least four different phylogroups (mitochondrial lineages) along the QTP margins and/ or in Central Asian and European mountain systems. Therefore our model species provide perfect examples of in-situ speciation on the QTP and successive dispersal to the Western Palearctic. In our follow-up project we aim at analyzing inter- and intraspecific genetic diversification and phylogeographic patters across Eurasian breeding ranges using RAD sequencing and SNP analysis. Assuming that sister species with widely overlapping breeding ranges on the QTP have undergone strong ecological segregation (e.g. in mountains with respect to the climatic and the elevational niche) we complement our genetic study with species distribution modeling (SDM) and ecological niche modeling (ENM). Occurrence data yet available from online resources will be subject to a quality check and complemented by own genotyped records and specimen data from bird collections. Based on the results from phylogeographic analysis we will subdivide distribution ranges into diagnosable infraspecific units that we expect to correspond with different climatic niches (e.g. southern and eastern QTP margins, different elevational zones). SDMs and ENMs will be complemented by habitat mapping inferred from a combination of field observation and satellite remote sensing in co-operation with Chinese and US American scientists. Our follow-up project is firmly embedded in a DFG research cluster. Within the joint interdisciplinary framework a group of biologists (zoologists, botanists, ecologists) and geoscientists/modellers for the first time will work very closely together to explore how to combine information derived from extant taxa with data and models from past environments with the goal to explore organismic evolution in the QTP region and beyond.

在DFG资助的项目中，我们确定了两个雀形目鸟类分支，它们的起源和多样化中心位于青藏高原（QTP）及其沿着边缘。从这两个属中，我们选择了两个目标种对（终端分支）进行后续研究。目标物种起源于更新世谱系分裂，并包括至少四个不同的线粒体类群（线粒体谱系）沿着QTP边缘和/或中亚和欧洲山脉系统。因此，我们的模式物种提供了一个完美的例子，在QTP和连续扩散到西部古北的原位物种形成。在我们的后续项目中，我们的目标是使用RAD测序和SNP分析分析欧亚大陆育种范围内的种间和种内遗传多样性和跨地理模式。假设姐妹物种与广泛重叠的繁殖范围的QTP经历了强烈的生态隔离（例如，在山区相对于气候和海拔生态位），我们补充我们的遗传研究与物种分布模型（SDM）和生态位模型（ENM）。在线资源中尚未提供的发生率数据将进行质量检查，并由自己的基因型记录和鸟类标本数据进行补充。基于地理分析的结果，我们将分布范围细分为可诊断的种下单位，我们预计将对应于不同的气候生态位（例如南部和东部QTP边缘，不同的海拔带）。空间数据模型和生态环境模型将通过与中国和美国科学家合作，结合实地观察和卫星遥感推断出的生境制图来补充。我们的后续项目是坚定地嵌入在DFG研究集群。在联合跨学科框架内，一组生物学家（动物学家，植物学家，生态学家）和地球科学家/建模者将首次密切合作，探索如何将来自现存分类群的联合收割机信息与过去环境的数据和模型结合起来，以探索QTP地区及其他地区的生物进化。