NSF Postdoctoral Fellowship in Biology FY 2016

这一行动为NSF国家植物基因组计划2015财年生物学博士后研究奖学金提供了资金。该奖学金支持在东道主实验室为该研究员制定的研究和培训计划，该研究员还提出了扩大生物学参与度的计划。玛吉·R·瓦格纳的这项研究和培训计划的标题是“调查集约化育种对玉米相关真菌和细菌群落的影响及其对作物生产力的影响”。该奖学金的主办机构是北卡罗来纳州立大学和俄勒冈州立大学，赞助科学家是Peter Balint Kurti博士、Posy Busby博士和James Holland博士。生活在叶子和根部的细菌和真菌可以深刻地影响植物的健康，是可持续农业中潜在的有用工具。植物基因部分控制着这些微生物群落，让某些微生物进入植物，将其他微生物拒之门外。然而，目前尚不清楚集约化作物育种引起的遗传变化是否影响了微生物群的组成。这些实验将扩大我们对玉米(玉米)微生物组的知识，并提高我们对植物基因组、植物相关微生物和作物生产力之间的联系的理解。这位研究人员将在与农业研究人员以及当地学校和教育农场的公众分享成果的同时，建立她在植物病理学、微生物学和基因组学方面的专业知识，并将热情地招募不同背景的学生参与这个项目，并在科学职业发展中提供指导。成功地将微生物改良技术整合到可持续农业中，需要对植物基因组和微生物群之间的关系有更深入的了解。除了描述性研究外，该项目使用当前玉米育种计划中的现有种质来测试关于各种遗传扰动可能如何改变微生物组的预测。杂交、密集的人工选择和抗病基因座的导入对微生物内生菌群落的影响将通过高通量扩增序列测定、后转录组学和基于培养的方法来衡量。然后，温室重新接种实验将测试育种诱导的微生物群变化是否反馈影响植物活力和病原菌抗性。数据将在NCBI短读档案馆公开共享，如Dryad和玉米内生真菌培养库将应要求共享。

This action funds an NSF National Plant Genome Initiative Postdoctoral Research Fellowship in Biology for FY 2015. The fellowship supports a research and training plan in a host laboratory for the Fellow who also presents a plan to broaden participation in biology. The title of the research and training plan for this fellowship to Maggie R. Wagner is " Investigating the effects of intensive breeding on maize-associated fungal and bacterial communities and their impact on crop productivity " The host institutions for the fellowship are the North Carolina State University and Oregon State University and the sponsoring scientists are Dr. Peter Balint Kurti, Dr. Posy Busby, and Dr. James Holland.Bacteria and fungi living within leaves and roots can profoundly affect plant health, and are a potentially useful tool in sustainable agriculture. Plant genes partially control these microbial communities, letting certain microbes into the plant and keeping others out. It is unknown, however, whether genetic changes caused by intensive crop breeding have affected the composition of the microbiome. These experiments will expand our knowledge of the maize (corn) microbiome and improve our understanding of the links between plant genomes, plant-associated microbes, and crop productivity. The researcher will build her expertise in plant pathology, microbiology, and genomics while sharing results with agricultural researchers as well as public audiences at local schools and educational farms, and will enthusiastically recruit students of diverse backgrounds for participation in this project and mentorship in science career development.Successful integration of microbial improvement techniques into sustainable agriculture requires a more sophisticated understanding of the relationship between plant genomes and microbiomes. Moving beyond descriptive studies, this project uses existing germplasm from current maize breeding programs to test predictions about how various genetic perturbations might alter the microbiome. The effects of hybridization, intense artificial selection, and introgression of disease-resistance loci on microbial endophyte communities will be measured using high-throughput amplicon sequencing, metatranscriptomics, and culture-based methods. Greenhouse re-inoculation experiments will then test whether breeding-induced microbiome alterations feed back to affect plant vigor and pathogen resistance. Data will be shared publicly at the NCBI Short Read Archive and repositories such as Dryad, and maize endophyte cultures will be shared on request.