EAPSI: Does Leaf Function Evolve in the Invaded Range? A study of East Asian Forest Invaders in Japan and North America

EAPSI：叶功能在入侵范围内进化吗？

• 批准号: 1613837
• 负责人: Kelsey Martinez
• 金额: $ 0.54万
• 依托单位: Martinez Kelsey A
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Fellowship Award
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-06-15 至 2017-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1613837&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: EAPSI; Does; Leaf; Function; Evolve

Invasive plant species from East Asia are becoming increasingly abundant in North American forests, and often have negative impacts on forest function and biodiversity. Differences in how East Asian and North American plants acquire energy may explain the invasiveness of East Asian species. This project will examine differences in leaf traits driving energy capture in invasive species in their native (East Asia) and invasive ranges (North America). Seedlings of East Asian maple, cherry, and honeysuckle species growing in Aobayama Botanical Garden in Sendai, Japan will be used as focal individuals. A replicate study will be completed in Syracuse, NY using individuals sourced from North American populations. This project is a collaboration with Dr. Kouki Hikosaka, an accomplished ecophysiologist at Tohoku University in Sendai, Japan. The results of this study will allow land managers to more efficiently minimize negative impacts of invasive species, an endeavor in which large amounts of resources and labor are invested annually.Plant invaders native to East Asia are increasingly abundant in Eastern North American (ENA) forests. The goal of this project is to understand leaf-level physiological strategies used by shade tolerant, invasive woody species (representatives from maple, cherry, and honeysuckle species to maximize carbon assimilation at different light levels. Physiological comparisons will involve invasive and non-invasive species, as well as population-level variation in non-native species across their native and invasive ranges. This project will also quantify potential costs of being able to adjust leaf physiology to changes in light environments (i.e. from deep shade to high light after gap formation). Understanding the costs and benefits of physiological strategies at both the species and population levels will broaden our understanding of the mechanisms invaders use to outcompete native species. This project is a collaborative effort with Dr. Kouki Hikosaka at Tohoku University, a prominent leaf function expert.This award under the East Asia and Pacific Summer Institutes program supports summer research by a U.S. graduate student and is jointly funded by NSF and the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science.

来自东亚的入侵植物物种在北美森林中变得越来越丰富，并且常常对森林功能和生物多样性产生负面影响。东亚和北美植物获取能量方式的差异可能解释了东亚物种的入侵性。该项目将研究驱动入侵物种在其本土（东亚）和入侵范围（北美）能量捕获的叶子特征的差异。日本仙台青叶山植物园中生长的东亚枫树、樱桃树和金银花树种的幼苗将被用作焦点个体。一项重复研究将在纽约州锡拉丘兹完成，使用来自北美人群的个体。该项目是与日本仙台东北大学一位杰出的生态生理学家 Kouki Hikosaka 博士合作的。这项研究的结果将使土地管理者能够更有效地减少入侵物种的负面影响，这是一项每年投入大量资源和劳动力的努力。原产于东亚的植物入侵者在北美东部（ENA）森林中日益丰富。该项目的目标是了解耐荫、入侵性木本物种（以枫树、樱桃和金银花为代表）所使用的叶级生理策略，以最大限度地提高不同光照水平下的碳同化。生理比较将涉及入侵性和非入侵性物种，以及非本地物种在其本地和入侵范围内的种群水平变化。该项目还将量化潜在成本 能够根据光环境的变化调整叶子生理（即间隙形成后从深阴影到高光）。了解物种和种群水平上生理策略的成本和收益将拓宽我们对入侵者用来战胜本地物种的机制的理解。该项目是与著名叶功能专家东北大学Kouki Hikosaka博士的合作成果。该奖项是在东亚和太平洋夏季项目下获得的 研究所项目支持美国研究生的夏季研究，由美国国家科学基金会和日本科学振兴会共同资助。