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Alteration of basaltic glass from the North Pond area, Mid-Atlantic Ridge 22°46'N, 46°05'W, Expedition 336

大西洋中脊北池塘地区玄武岩玻璃的蚀变，北纬 22°46，西经 46°05，第 336 次探险

基本信息

批准号：
224577897
负责人：
Professor Dr. Wolfgang Bach
金额：
--
依托单位：
Department of Biological Sciences
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Infrastructure Priority Programmes
财政年份：
2012
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2011-12-31 至 2015-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/224577897?language=en
关键词：
Alteration basaltic glass North Pond

项目摘要

Funds are requested for mineralogical and geochemical studies of basalt alteration and the involvement of microorganisms, using drill core samples and incubation slides. Rock samples were recovered during IODP Expedition 336 from the North Pond area on the western flank of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. North Pond is representative of the globally most abundant, cold and wellventilated ridge flanks. These systems play a pivotal role in setting the chemistry of the oceans, yet, the hydrogeological-geochemical-microbiological couplings controling the rates and magnitudes of chemical exchange are very poorly understood. Expedition 336 installed seafloor observatories that will allow sampling formation fluids, facilitate incubation experiments, and provide insights into subbasement microbiological activities in the forthcoming years. The supplemental analyses of drill core material proposed here include geochemical and x-ray microtomography studies as well as electron- and raman-microcopy investigations. Collaborating scientists in the US will conduct x-ray absorption spectroscopy and molecular microbiological studies using splits of the same materials. The project's primary goal is a detailed and comprehensive description of basalt glass alteration in young ocean crust. One focus is on identifying alteration features believed to be related to microbial activity and collect further evidence for their biogenicity. Geochemical investigations of altered materials and their primary precursor phases will provide information on the direction and magnitude of chemical changes during seawater circulation and the associated alteration of basaltic crust. Trace element and stable isotopic compositions of mineral precipitates are used as a recorder of fluid composition and conditions of fluid-rock interaction. These results will be compared with direct observations on fluid composition and temperature in the borehole. Merging observations and data from the proposed study with those to be obtained by our cooperators and our joint efforts during the next years of observatory studies at North Pond will allow us to obtain fundamentally novel insights into ridge flank processes and their role in exchange budgets between lithosphere, hydrophere, and biosphere in the oceanic realm.

要求提供资金，利用钻芯样品和培养玻片，对玄武岩蚀变和微生物的参与进行矿物学和地球化学研究。岩石样本是在IODP第336次考察期间从大西洋中脊西侧的北池地区采集的。北池是全球最丰富，寒冷和通风良好的山脊侧翼的代表。这些系统在确定海洋化学方面发挥着关键作用，然而，控制化学交换速率和强度的水文地质-地球化学-微生物耦合作用却知之甚少。第336次考察队安装了海底观测站，可以对地层流体进行采样，促进孵化实验，并在未来几年内深入了解地下室的微生物活动。这里提出的岩芯材料的补充分析包括地球化学和X射线显微层析成像研究以及电子和拉曼显微镜调查。美国的合作科学家将使用相同材料的切片进行X射线吸收光谱和分子微生物研究。该项目的主要目标是详细和全面地描述年轻洋壳中的玄武岩玻璃蚀变。一个重点是确定被认为与微生物活性有关的蚀变特征，并收集其生物原性的进一步证据。对蚀变物质及其主要前体阶段进行的地球化学调查将提供关于海水循环期间化学变化的方向和幅度以及玄武岩地壳的相关蚀变的信息。矿物沉淀物的微量元素和稳定同位素组成可作为流体成分和流体-岩石相互作用条件的记录器。这些结果将与钻孔中流体成分和温度的直接观测结果进行比较。合并的观测和数据，从拟议的研究与我们的合作者和我们的共同努力，在未来几年的观测研究在北池将使我们能够获得从根本上新颖的见解脊侧翼过程及其作用之间的交换预算岩石圈，珊瑚礁，生物圈在海洋领域。