Understanding the Role of Gender in Engaging the Interest of Girls in Computer Science

了解性别在激发女孩对计算机科学兴趣方面的作用

• 批准号: 1614849
• 负责人: Jody Clarke-Midura
• 金额: $ 80.41万
• 依托单位: Utah State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-09-01 至 2022-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1614849&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Understanding; Role; Gender; Engaging; Interest

The project will research the effects of single-gender computer science (CS) camps and gender aligned role models within that context. During the past 30 years, there has been a decrease of women earning computer science degrees and entering the CS workforce. To reverse this trend, there has been a surge of girls only programs for recruiting and mentoring girls in CS. Despite their popularity, however, there exists only minimal research on the efficacy of these programs to grow the population of women in CS and little is known about the most effective ways to implement these programs. The project will research the main effects and interactions between female-only and balanced gender CS camps and role models for middle school students. More specifically, the project will examine how gender influences girls' self-efficacy, interest, perceived social support, and skill development in CS. The findings can increase the effectiveness of such efforts and contribute to the diversification of this key workforce sector. The project will directly impact over 400 middle school participants from low income and rural backgrounds by introducing them to concepts of computing and providing experiences to develop skill and confidence that can set them on a path toward a CS career. The project will directly impact 54 high school age mentors as they learn and teach computing skills. Project research findings and learning resources will be widely disseminated to educational researchers and practitioners through research publications, educational conferences, publications oriented towards educators, social media, and a project website including research and curriculum materials. This project is funded by the Innovative Technology Experiences for Students and Teachers (ITEST) program, which supports projects that build understandings of best practices, program elements, contexts and processes contributing to engaging students in learning and developing interest in STEM, information and communications technology (ICT), computer science, and related STEM content and careers. The research goal is to contribute to the evidence about strategies and models that enhance girls interest in and capabilities to pursue CS programs and occupations. Building on a foundation of social cognitive theory, this study can identify empirically grounded principles to inform practice in this critical area. To research the influence of gender in these programs, the project will use a 2X2 quasi-experimental design guided by two research questions: (1) What are the main and interaction effects of gender-specific social competency modeling and single gender vs. balanced gender groupings on girls' interest, self-efficacy, perceived social support, and skill in CS in a summer camp context? and (2)How (if at all) do gender-specific social competency modeling and single gender vs. balanced gender groupings affect girls' interest, self-efficacy, perceived social support, and skill in CS camps? The research will directly inform best practice for recruiting girls into computing using evidence from a controlled study. Girls only programs are designed to create more empowering opportunities free from possible negative social pressures based on stereotypes of computing as a male activity. To date, no study has examined program outcomes in such a way that the differential influences of single vs. balanced gender environments and role models can be independently and jointly assessed.

该项目将研究单一性别计算机科学夏令营和性别一致的榜样在这一背景下的影响。在过去的30年里，获得计算机科学学位并进入计算机科学工作大军的女性人数有所减少。为了扭转这一趋势，在CS招收和指导女孩的仅限女孩计划激增。然而，尽管它们很受欢迎，但关于这些方案对增加CS妇女人口的有效性的研究很少，对实施这些方案的最有效方式也知之甚少。该项目将研究女性专用和性别均衡的CS夏令营和中学生榜样之间的主要影响和相互作用。更具体地说，该项目将研究性别如何影响女孩在CS中的自我效能、兴趣、感知的社会支持和技能发展。调查结果可以提高这种努力的有效性，并有助于这一关键劳动力部门的多样化。该项目将直接影响400多名来自低收入和农村背景的中学生，向他们介绍计算的概念，并提供经验来培养技能和信心，使他们走上CS职业生涯的道路。该项目将直接影响54名高中年龄的导师，因为他们学习和教授计算技能。将通过研究出版物、教育会议、面向教育工作者的出版物、社交媒体和包括研究和课程材料的项目网站，向教育研究人员和实践者广泛传播项目研究成果和学习资源。该项目由学生和教师创新技术体验计划(ITEST)资助，该计划支持的项目旨在建立对最佳实践、计划要素、背景和流程的理解，有助于让学生参与学习并培养他们对STEM、信息和通信技术(ICT)、计算机科学以及相关STEM内容和职业的兴趣。这项研究的目标是为提高女孩对从事CS方案和职业的兴趣和能力的战略和模式提供证据。建立在社会认知理论的基础上，这项研究可以确定经验为基础的原则，为这一关键领域的实践提供信息。为了研究性别在这些项目中的影响，本项目将采用2X2准实验设计，并以两个研究问题为指导：(1)夏令营背景下，特定性别的社会能力建模和单一性别与平衡性别分组对女孩在CS方面的兴趣、自我效能感、感知社会支持和技能有什么主要和交互作用？以及(2)性别特定的社会能力模型和单一性别与平衡性别分组如何(如果有的话)影响女孩在CS夏令营的兴趣、自我效能、感知的社会支持和技能？这项研究将直接为利用对照研究的证据招募女孩从事计算机工作的最佳实践提供信息。专为女孩而设的项目旨在创造更多赋权机会，避免基于计算是男性活动的刻板印象而可能产生的负面社会压力。到目前为止，还没有研究以这样的方式审查项目结果，即可以独立和联合评估单一与平衡的性别环境和榜样的不同影响。

项目成果

Recruiting K-12 youth into computer science: insights from a multi-year research project

招募 K-12 青少年进入计算机科学领域：多年研究项目的见解

• DOI: 10.1145/3524916
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: ACM Inroads
• 作者: Sun, Chongning;Clarke-Midura, Jody
• 通讯作者: Clarke-Midura, Jody

Testing the efficacy of a near-peer mentoring model for recruiting youth into computer science

测试近同伴指导模型在招募年轻人进入计算机科学领域的有效性

• DOI: 10.1080/13611267.2022.2057101
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Mentoring & Tutoring: Partnership in Learning
• 作者: Sun, Chongning;Clarke-Midura, Jody
• 通讯作者: Clarke-Midura, Jody

Making Apps: An Approach to Recruiting Youth to Computer Science

制作应用程序：招募年轻人学习计算机科学的方法

• DOI: 10.1145/3425710
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: ACM Transactions on Computing Education
• 影响因子: 2.4
• 作者: Clarke-Midura, Jody;Sun, Chongning;Pantic, Katarina
• 通讯作者: Pantic, Katarina

Drawing a computer scientist: stereotypical representations or lack of awareness?

• DOI: 10.1080/08993408.2018.1533780
• 发表时间: 2018-01-01
• 期刊: COMPUTER SCIENCE EDUCATION
• 影响因子: 2.7
• 作者: Pantic, Katarina;Clarke-Midura, Jody;Allan, Vicki
• 通讯作者: Allan, Vicki

How Mother and Father Support Affect Youths' Interest in Computer Science

父母的支持如何影响青少年对计算机科学的兴趣

• DOI: 10.1145/3230977.3231003
• 发表时间: 2018
• 期刊: Finland
• 作者: Clarke-Midura, Jody;Poole, Frederick J.;Pantic, Katarina;Sun, Chongning;Allan, Vicki
• 通讯作者: Allan, Vicki