Imaging Vertical Earthquake Cycle Crustal Deformation of the San Andreas Fault System Utilizing the GAGE Facility

利用 GAGE 设施对圣安德烈亚斯断层系统的垂直地震周期地壳变形进行成像

• 批准号: 1614875
• 负责人: Bridget Smith-Konter
• 金额: $ 22.46万
• 依托单位: University of Hawaii
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-08-15 至 2021-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1614875&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Imaging; Vertical; Earthquake; Cycle; Crustal

Major earthquakes along the San Andreas Fault system in southern California threaten millions of people and billions of dollars in property and infrastructure, which makes understanding the physics of earthquakes key in addressing a critical societal need for improved seismic hazard estimates. This project is using state-of-the-art geodetic data provided by the GAGE (Geodesy Advancing Geosciences and EarthScope) Facility and EarthScope to understand how Earth's crust deforms in response to plate tectonics and other processes. The project is focused particularly on understanding vertical motions, which may be related to groundwater withdrawal and snow loading and the migration, extraction, and injection of crustal fluids in addition to faulting and earthquake processes. Detection of anomalous vertical motions in these data will not only improve the quality of earthquake cycle strain rate estimates, but is also a valuable resource for climate, hydrologic, oceanographic, and earthquake engineering communities.The team is focusing on studying vertical deformation using a synthesis of GAGE Facility (Global Positioning System and InSAR) and coastal tide gauge data spanning the Pacific-North American plate boundary. The project is developing well-constrained time-series model products of 3D earthquake cycle deformation using integrated high accuracy GPS point measurements, high spatial resolution InSAR measurements, and long-period tide gauge vertical time series observations. This research project has four main objectives: (1) preparing a contemporary high-resolution GPS-constrained 4D model of vertical and horizontal crustal deformation of the SAFS; (2) using these models to correct inherent errors in InSAR data from new satellites through integrated analysis of GPS and InSAR; (3) construction of a refined 4D time series of crustal deformation derived GPS, InSAR, and tide gauge time-series data; and (4) detecting and understanding non-tectonic deformation common in both InSAR and GPS data. In addition, the team is developing outreach materials describing how InSAR observations are made and used in modeling crustal deformation and distributing those via the Active Earth kiosks supported by NSF, and is releasing software tools to enable geodetic data analyses by the broad Earth science community.

南加州沿圣安德烈亚斯断层系统的主要地震威胁着数百万的人和数十亿美元的财产和基础设施，这使得理解地震的物理学是解决重大社会对改善地震危险估计的关键社会需求的关键。 该项目使用了盖奇（Geodesy）提供的最先进的大地测量数据（地球科学和地球景观）和EarthScope，以了解地球的地壳如何响应板块构造和其他过程。 该项目尤其集中在理解垂直运动上，这可能与地下水拔出和降雪以及除断层和地震过程外的地壳流体的迁移，提取和注射有关。 Detection of anomalous vertical motions in these data will not only improve the quality of earthquake cycle strain rate estimates, but is also a valuable resource for climate, hydrologic, oceanographic, and earthquake engineering communities.The team is focusing on studying vertical deformation using a synthesis of GAGE Facility (Global Positioning System and InSAR) and coastal tide gauge data spanning the Pacific-North American plate boundary.该项目正在使用综合的高精度GPS点测量，高空间分辨率INS INS测量和长期潮汐量规垂直时间序列观测来开发3D地震周期变形的良好约束时间序列模型。该研究项目具有四个主要目标：（1）准备当代高分辨率GPS约束的4D垂直和水平地壳变形的4D模型； （2）使用这些模型通过对GPS和INSAR的集成分析来纠正新卫星中的INS数据中的固有错误； （3）构建精致的4D时间序列的地壳变形的GP，Insar和Tide Gauge时间序列数据； （4）检测和理解INS和GPS数据中常见的非构件变形。 此外，该团队正在开发宣传材料，描述了如何对地壳变形进行建模和使用INSAR观察，并通过NSF支持的主动地球亭进行分配，并正在释放软件工具以启用广泛的地球科学社区的地球数据分析。