SBIR Phase I: Platform for Impedance Diagnostics and Power Management for Electric Vehicle Battery Systems

该项目更广泛的影响/商业潜力集中在进一步科学理解电化学储能中的降解。该项目将探索技术，使实验室验证的关键诊断工具从实验室大规模转移到现场。这种被称为电化学阻抗谱（EIS）的工具是对电池内部状态的非侵入性评估。与目前由利益集团发起的众包定性研究工作相比，EIS将能够收集和分析前所未有的实时定量数据，以进一步科学地了解从电动汽车到电网和建筑储能等应用中的电化学寿命和退化因素。高度公开的电池组故障增加了公众对电化学储能的怀疑，大规模的科学研究可以帮助更快的技术改进，以增加电化学储能的广泛采用，因为美国寻求提高能源独立性，效率，小型企业创新研究（SBIR）第一阶段项目解决了对当前电池管理方法进行创新的需求，这些方法迫使电池系统过度设计和功率消耗。通过引入一个平台，能够诊断和校正电动车辆中固有的电池间不平衡，从而提高电池组的性能、可靠性和安全性，具体而言，这项工作部署在分布式电力电子平台的电化学阻抗谱提供了一个新的工具集，实时诊断和改进的重要信息的提取，以帮助确定电池的充电状态和健康状态。第一阶段研究的目标是展示这种基于电力电子的EIS的高效和经济的可扩展性。概念验证原型已在小容量电池上得到验证，但商业解决方案将需要管理阻抗低得多的大容量电池，这对控制系统和EIS精度提出了技术挑战。首先将开发一个电源转换器和配套的控制系统，以满足目标规格，然后是一个演示板，以演示EIS和电源管理的一些串联连接的电池。

The broader impact/commercial potential of this project centers on furthering scientific understanding of degradation in electrochemical energy storage. The project will explore technology that will enable the large-scale transfer of a key laboratory-proven diagnostic tool from the lab to the field. This tool, called electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), is a noninvasive assessment of the internal state of a battery. In contrast to current interest-group-initiated, crowd-sourced qualitative research efforts, EIS would enable the collection and analysis of an unprecedented amount of real-time quantitative data to further scientific understanding of electrochemical lifetime and degradation factors of in applications ranging from electric vehicles to grid and building storage. Highly publicized battery pack failures have increased skepticism of electrochemical energy storage in the public eye, and large-scale scientific studies could aid in faster technological improvements to increase widespread adoption of electrochemical energy storage as the U.S. seeks to improve energy independence, efficiency, and security.This Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) Phase I project addresses the need to innovate on current battery management methods that force battery system overdesign and power/energy underutilization by introducing a platform to enable diagnosis and correction of inherent cell-to-cell imbalances in electric vehicles to improve battery pack performance, reliability, and safety. Specifically, this work deploys electrochemical impedance spectroscopy in a distributed power electronics platform to provide a new toolset for real-time diagnostics and the improved extraction of important information to aid in the determination of battery cell state of charge and state of health. The goal of Phase I Research is to demonstrate efficient and cost-effective scalability of this power-electronics-based EIS. A proof-of-concept prototype has been verified on small-capacity cells, but a commercial solution will need to manage large-capacity cells with much lower impedance which presents control system and EIS accuracy technical challenges. A power converter and accompanying control system will first be developed to meet target specifications, followed by a demonstration board to demonstrate EIS and power management for a number of series-connected cells.