AGS-PRF: Changing Sources of Sea-salt Aerosol in Polar Regions: Climate Change Feedbacks and Implications for Atmospheric Oxidative Capacity in a Future, Warmer World

海冰是极地地区海盐气溶胶的主要来源，这种气溶胶是由复杂的风驱动的盐、霜、花和雪的漂浮而产生的。这些过程很复杂，在目前的气候评估中被忽视。观察到的北极海冰在春季急剧退缩，以应对气候变化，可以改变海盐气溶胶通量，强调有必要将它们纳入模型。该研究将使用美国开发的高分辨率耦合气候-化学-海冰模型来研究这种影响，并将其用于改进IPCC的气候评估。该项目将侧重于在耦合的美国气候-海冰（CESM-CICE 4）和3-D大气化学传输模式中实施开放海洋和海冰海盐源，并使用它来评估极地地区的气候和海盐气溶胶反馈，以便与IPCC AR 5运行一致的未来气候变化情景。耦合模式将以非常高的分辨率（0.5度大气和0.1度海冰）运行，以详细解决这些过程。除了提供对海盐反馈的间接和直接辐射影响的初步估计外，这项工作还将通过卤素活化来研究大气化学的变化，卤素活化可以改变未来气候状态中的氧化能力和活性气体。

Sea ice is major source of sea salt aerosols in the Polar Regions that occurs by complex wind driven lofting of saline frost flowers and snow. These processes are complex and neglected in current climate assessments. The observed dramatic retreat of the Arctic sea ice in spring in response to climate change can alter sea salt aerosols fluxes underscoring the need to include them in models. The research will examine this effect using high-resolution coupled climate-chemistry-sea ice models developed by the US and use them to improve IPCC climate assessments. The project will focus on implementing the open ocean and sea ice sea salt sources in the coupled US climate-sea ice (CESM-CICE4) and 3-D atmospheric chemistry transport model and use it to evaluate the climate and sea salt aerosol feedbacks in polar regions for future climate change scenarios consistent with IPCC AR5 runs. The coupled model will be run at very high resolution (0.5 degree atmosphere and 0.1 degree sea ice) to resolve these processes in detail. In addition to providing the first estimate of the indirect and direct radiative impacts of seas-salt feedbacks the work will also examine the changes in atmospheric chemistry via halogen activation that can alter the oxidative capacity and reactive gases in future climate states.