AGS-PRF: Changing Sources of Sea-salt Aerosol in Polar Regions: Climate Change Feedbacks and Implications for Atmospheric Oxidative Capacity in a Future, Warmer World

海冰是极地地区海盐气溶胶的主要来源，这种气溶胶是由复杂的风驱动的盐霜、花朵和雪的放样而产生的。这些过程很复杂，在当前的气候评估中被忽视了。观测到的北冰洋海冰在春季因气候变化而急剧消退，可能会改变海盐气溶胶通量，突显了将其纳入模型的必要性。这项研究将使用美国开发的高分辨率气候-化学-海冰耦合模型来检验这种影响，并使用它们来改进IPCC的气候评估。该项目将重点实施美国气候-海冰耦合模式(CESM-CICE4)和三维大气化学输送模式中的开阔海洋和海冰海盐源，并利用它评估极地地区的气候和海盐气溶胶反馈，以适应与IPCC AR5运行相一致的未来气候变化情景。耦合模式将在非常高的分辨率(0.5度大气和0.1度海冰)下运行，以详细解析这些过程。除了提供对海盐反馈的间接和直接辐射影响的第一次估计外，这项工作还将审查通过卤素激活而发生的大气化学变化，这种变化可能会改变未来气候状态下的氧化能力和反应气体。

Sea ice is major source of sea salt aerosols in the Polar Regions that occurs by complex wind driven lofting of saline frost flowers and snow. These processes are complex and neglected in current climate assessments. The observed dramatic retreat of the Arctic sea ice in spring in response to climate change can alter sea salt aerosols fluxes underscoring the need to include them in models. The research will examine this effect using high-resolution coupled climate-chemistry-sea ice models developed by the US and use them to improve IPCC climate assessments. The project will focus on implementing the open ocean and sea ice sea salt sources in the coupled US climate-sea ice (CESM-CICE4) and 3-D atmospheric chemistry transport model and use it to evaluate the climate and sea salt aerosol feedbacks in polar regions for future climate change scenarios consistent with IPCC AR5 runs. The coupled model will be run at very high resolution (0.5 degree atmosphere and 0.1 degree sea ice) to resolve these processes in detail. In addition to providing the first estimate of the indirect and direct radiative impacts of seas-salt feedbacks the work will also examine the changes in atmospheric chemistry via halogen activation that can alter the oxidative capacity and reactive gases in future climate states.