Constraints on fault mechanics and seismic hazard from the integration of high- resolution topography and InSAR datasets

高分辨率地形与InSAR数据集集成对断层力学和地震灾害的约束

• 批准号: 1625221
• 负责人: Chelsea Scott
• 金额: $ 8.7万
• 依托单位: Scott Chelsea P
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Fellowship Award
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-01-01 至 2020-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1625221&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Constraints; fault; mechanics; seismic; hazard

Dr. Chelsea P. Scott has been granted an NSF EAR Postdoctoral fellowship to carry out research and education activities at Arizona State University. The investigation will aim at improving constraints on fault slip rates estimated from both geologic and geodetic datasets. Accurate slip rates are critical to properly estimate future seismic activity in a region. Dr. Scott will use a novel approach of combining high-resolution topography and satellite radar datasets, bringing together complementary constraints on near- and far- field ground deformation. The improved understanding of fault mechanics from this study will result in better determination of fault slip rates in the geologic record and on quantified uncertainties of paleoseismic slip rates. In addition, the PI will lead workshops at the NSF-sponsored Open Topography facility, co-develop undergraduate courses at ASU, and promote computer-coding skills with high school women.This research will focus on using near- and far- field constraints on the magnitude and distribution of surface strain to infer the depth variability of fault slip. The fault slip models produced with InSAR data typically suggest little fault slip in the upper several kilometers of the crust, which is at odds with the topography data. The first goal of this project is to examine the distribution of fault slip inferred from the joint inversion of InSAR and differential topography data. The second goal of the project is to examine the implications for strain accumulation over many earthquake cycles. The study will improve constraints on the relative proportions of coseismic fault slip in the seismogenic crust. The improved understanding on fault mechanics will serve as input to further work in this project that will focus on quantifying the long-term variation in along-strike coseismic fault slip and the ratio between slip at the surface and at depth over many simulated earthquake cycles.

Chelsea P. Scott博士已获得NSF博士后奖学金，在亚利桑那州立大学开展研究和教育活动。调查的目的是改善对从地质和大地测量数据集估计的断层滑动率的限制。准确的滑动率对于正确估计一个地区未来的地震活动至关重要。斯科特博士将使用一种结合高分辨率地形和卫星雷达数据集的新方法，将近场和远场地面变形的互补约束结合在一起。通过这项研究，对断层力学的理解得到了提高，这将有助于更好地确定地质记录中的断层滑动速率和古地震滑动速率的量化不确定性。此外，PI将在NSF赞助的开放式地形设施领导研讨会，在亚利桑那州立大学共同开发本科课程，并促进与高中女生的计算机编码技能。这项研究将侧重于使用近场和远场约束的大小和分布的表面应变，以推断断层滑动的深度变化。用干涉合成孔径雷达数据制作的断层滑动模型通常表明，地壳上部几公里的断层滑动很小，这与地形数据不一致。该项目的第一个目标是检查从干涉合成孔径雷达和差分地形数据的联合反演推断的断层滑动的分布。该项目的第二个目标是研究在许多地震周期中应变积累的含义。这项研究将改善对孕震地壳中同震断层滑动相对比例的限制。对断层力学的进一步理解将作为本项目进一步工作的投入，该项目将侧重于量化沿走向同震断层滑动的长期变化以及许多模拟地震周期内地表和深度滑动之间的比率。