Focusing x-ray free-electron-laser beams for imaging and creating extreme conditions in matter

聚焦 X 射线自由电子激光束进行成像并在物质中创造极端条件

• 批准号: 225455836
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Christian Schroer
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: National Accelerator Laboratory SLAC
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2011-12-31 至 2015-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/225455836?language=en
• 关键词: Focusing; ray; free; electron; laser

With their high spectral peak brightness, their short and tunable wavelength, and short pulse duration (< 100 fs), x-ray free-electron lasers are ideal to investigate fast processes in condensed matter. However, fast processes in matter involve also short length scales, requiring both high resolution spatially and temporally. In addition, the large penetration depth of x-rays and the high peak power allow one to deposit homogeneously a high energy density in small objects, generating extreme states of matter. Both high-resolution x-ray imaging and the heating of the sample require focusing the XFEL beam to 100 nm and below. The project aims at generating and characterizing short-pulse nanobeams by focusing the XFEL by refractive x-ray lenses, implementing time resolved nanoimaging techniques for matter in extreme conditions at the Linac Coherent Light Source at SLAC, and at applying these new techniques to characterizing shockwaves in a laser-heated aluminum target. In this way, we expect to measure the velocity and density in the shockfront, giving access to the density of states under these extreme conditions. In addition, the focused XFEL beam is used to create matter in extreme conditions by isochoric heating of small objects (e. g., metallic clusters) and to image them in states with high pressure and high temperature.

X 射线自由电子激光器具有高光谱峰值亮度、短且可调谐的波长以及短脉冲持续时间 (< 100 fs)，是研究凝聚态物质快速过程的理想选择。然而，物质的快速过程也涉及短长度尺度，需要高分辨率的空间和时间。此外，X射线的大穿透深度和高峰值功率允许人们在小物体中均匀沉积高能量密度，产生极端的物质状态。高分辨率 X 射线成像和样品加热都需要将 XFEL 光束聚焦到 100 nm 及以下。该项目旨在通过折射 X 射线透镜聚焦 XFEL 来生成和表征短脉冲纳米束，在 SLAC 直线加速器相干光源的极端条件下对物质实施时间分辨纳米成像技术，并应用这些新技术来表征激光加热铝靶中的冲击波。通过这种方式，我们期望测量激波锋的速度和密度，从而获得这些极端条件下的态密度。此外，聚焦 XFEL 光束用于通过等容加热小物体（例如金属团簇）在极端条件下产生物质，并在高压和高温状态下对它们进行成像。

项目成果

Damage investigation on tungsten and diamond diffractive optics at a hard x-ray free-electron laser.

• DOI: 10.1364/oe.21.008051
• 发表时间: 2013-04
• 期刊: Optics express
• 影响因子: 3.8
• 作者: F. Uhlén;D. Nilsson;A. Holmberg;H. Hertz;C. Schroer;F. Seiboth;J. Patommel;V. Meier;R. Hoppe;A. Schropp;H. Lee;B. Nagler;E. Galtier;J. Krzywiński;H. Sinn;U. Vogt

Focusing XFEL SASE pulses by rotationally parabolic refractive x-ray lenses

通过旋转抛物面折射 X 射线透镜聚焦 XFEL SASE 脉冲

• DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/499/1/012004
• 发表时间: 2014
• 期刊: Journal of Physics: Conference Series
• 作者: F. Seiboth;A. Schropp;R. Hoppe;V. Meier;J. Patommel;H. J. Lee;B. Nagler;E. C. Galtier;B. Arnold;U. Zastrau;J. B. Hastings;D. Nilsson;F. Uhlén;U. Vogt;H. M. Hertz;C. G. Schroer
• 通讯作者: C. G. Schroer