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RCN: Improving reconstructions of Cenozoic pCO2 and temperature change

RCN：改进新生代 pCO2 和温度变化的重建

基本信息

批准号：
1636005
负责人：
Baerbel Hoenisch
金额：
$ 20.28万
依托单位：
Columbia University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2016-10-01 至 2020-09-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1636005&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
RCN Improving reconstructions Cenozoic pCO2

项目摘要

The contribution of atmospheric carbon dioxide (pCO2) to Earth's greenhouse effect has been known for more than a century, yet the detailed impacts of higher atmospheric CO2 concentrations on climate, terrestrial, and marine ecosystems are still subject to uncertainty. Earth history can aide scientists in improving their understanding of the interaction between pCO2 and global climate change, by providing records of past variations in pCO2 and climate recorded in the chemical composition of fossil shells and molecules. In the geologic past, Earth experienced profound changes in pCO2 and climate, but reconstructions remain challenging. This is due to the fact that many of the fossil-producing organisms are now extinct, landscapes have changed, and the chemical composition of the oceans and atmosphere have changed. While researchers actively explore individual archives and model sensitivities, less effort has been spent on developing a broader view of relative strengths and weaknesses of different approaches. This research coordination network will bring the paleoclimate/palcoeanographic research community together with the goal of openly recognizing uncertainties, constructively and jointly working to reduce them, and advancing the understanding of past and future climate change. To achieve this goal, two workshops will be held, which will bring together established and future specialists in reconstructing and modeling paleo-pCO2 from terrestrial and marine archives. The workshops will focus on validation opportunities for pCO2 proxies and carbon cycle models over the last 65 million years of earth history. Particular attention will be paid to proxy and model cross-calibrations and sensitivity studies in select time periods. A paleo-pCO2 database will be established, and position papers on best practices guidelines will be published. Opportunities will be discussed for carbon cycle and biogeochemical models to improve data syntheses and identify regions for desirable data additions. To improve capacity building within the US, up to four US scientists per year will be provided with an opportunity to enter an analytical and model training program, where they will learn new techniques from experts in the field. To ascertain that all research aspects and demographics are appropriately covered, a 16-member steering committee will both nominate expert workshop participants but also select promising but less well established candidates from an (inter-)national applicant pool.

大气二氧化碳(PCO2)对地球温室效应的贡献早在一个多世纪前就已为人所知，但大气中二氧化碳浓度升高对气候、陆地和海洋生态系统的详细影响仍存在不确定性。通过提供化石壳体和分子化学成分中记录的二氧化碳和气候过去变化的记录，地球历史可以帮助科学家更好地理解二氧化碳与全球气候变化之间的相互作用。在过去的地质历史中，地球经历了二氧化碳浓度和气候的深刻变化，但重建仍然具有挑战性。这是因为许多产生化石的生物现在已经灭绝，地貌发生了变化，海洋和大气的化学成分也发生了变化。虽然研究人员积极探索个人档案和模型敏感性，但在开发不同方法的相对优势和劣势的更广泛视角方面花费的努力较少。这一研究协调网络将把古气候/古地理研究界聚集在一起，目标是公开承认不确定性，建设性地共同努力减少不确定性，并促进对过去和未来气候变化的理解。为实现这一目标，将举办两期讲习班，现有的和未来的根据陆地和海洋档案重建和模拟古二氧化碳的专家将汇聚一堂。研讨会的重点将是过去6500万年地球历史上二氧化碳替代物和碳循环模型的验证机会。将特别注意选定时间段内的代理和模型交叉校准和敏感性研究。将建立一个古二氧化碳数据库，并出版关于最佳做法准则的立场文件。将讨论碳循环和生物地球化学模型的机会，以改进数据合成并确定需要增加数据的区域。为了加强美国国内的能力建设，每年将向最多四名美国科学家提供机会，参加分析和模型培训计划，在那里他们将向该领域的专家学习新技术。为了确保适当地涵盖所有研究方面和人口统计资料，一个由16名成员组成的指导委员会将提名专家研讨会参与者，并从(国际)国家申请者人才库中挑选有前途但不太成熟的候选人。