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EAGER: Creating a Community Infrastructure for Interoperable Emergency Connectivity

EAGER：为可互操作的紧急连接创建社区基础设施

基本信息

批准号：
1637371
负责人：
Kaikai Liu
金额：
$ 19.99万
依托单位：
San Jose State University Foundation
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2016-08-15 至 2019-01-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1637371&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
EAGER Creating Community Infrastructure Interoperable

项目摘要

Many areas of the United States are subject to seasonal and cyclical natural disasters like floods, earthquakes and hurricanes, while all areas may experience technological or human-caused events leading to communications disruptions. Following a disaster, it is essential for professional emergency responders to have a comprehensive understanding of the damage in the community in order to prioritize resources to save lives and protect the environment. Failure to develop an accurate picture of community conditions may lead to ineffective allocation of scarce response and rescue resources. Current technologies used for day-to-day emergency response information gathering from the public, such as 9-1-1 calls and social media, are often disrupted by the disaster?s impact, which may persist for days after an event. One of the key factors enabling a coordinated emergency response and community resilience to disaster is rapid communication from community members such as residents, businesses, schools and hospitals to public safety services about community conditions, such as the location of trapped people, collapsed buildings, fires and hazardous materials accidents, highway damage, and traffic congestion. Robust and resilient communication systems incorporating and enhancing existing technologies are the solution. The City of San Jose has recognized the likelihood of post-disaster information deficits which can be resolved through increased connectivity of diverse community elements to public safety communications. Recognizing the presence of privately-owned Smart phones throughout the community, the City is seeking an information gathering and dissemination solution that would enable Smart phone users to maintain communication with public safety services even in disaster conditions. San Jose State University, partnered with the San Jose Office of Emergency Services (OES), proposes to develop a novel method for maintaining connectivity for residents to public safety services. The proposed connectivity and networking technologies will keep citizens connected to vital services and information, and allow them to provide disaster assessment information to public safety agencies. This project will also create a cloud dashboard for emergency responders, and create a comprehensive view of community conditions which leads to an effective emergency response. The prototype system will enable the city's public safety agencies to prioritize emergency response demands and respond quickly, and minimize the catastrophic impact on the City of San Jose and its community and economy. The prevalence of disruptive events across the United States makes the development of a resilient communication solution imperative. The available collaboration with the City of San Jose provides a real-world partner and testbed for new technology applications with nation-wide application potential. As climates change, storms become stronger, sea levels rise, the electricity grid ages and social disruptions increase, time is of the essence for creating a resilient and accessible solution to reliable communication connectivity. This Early Concept Grant for Exploratory Research (EAGER) will solve the key challenges that must be tackled to achieve this timeliness and provide strategies and system solutions to spur emergency awareness, management, and preparedness. Finally, all code and data in this project will be released openly, supporting future research, development, and training.First responders to disasters need a complete picture of the community's status in order to accurately assess the condition of the inhabitants and organize available resources to save lives, protect the environment and prevent further damage in the community. In normal circumstances public safety services rely on 9-1-1 calls and social media to gather information from residents about community conditions. However, under disaster conditions, these normal communication methods will be interrupted, including landline and cell phones, internet connectivity and power. In these circumstances, novel systems must be available to substitute for the lost connectivity, to allow residents to connect to the public safety answering point, and to allow the Emergency Operations Center to collect and aggregate critical information across sectors to ensure that lifesaving operations are conducted expeditiously. The solution to managing risks to disaster-prone communities includes integrating existing technologies, applications, data and e-services in sustainable networks that will support emergency communications even in catastrophic events. This research proposes to develop a community infrastructure for interoperable emergency connectivity that can operate in austere conditions, provide its own power, and create linkages throughout the community and across jurisdictional boundaries. This project will deploy the edge devices in local communities with multi-modal communication modules as well as an external long range radio. The proposed resilient and participatory networking framework on top of the remote edge devices will enable collaborative communication as well as participatory sensing. To solve current deficiencies in the ability of allowing city emergency responders to control and automate the remote edge devices, this project extends existing cloud orchestration frameworks to edge devices that are agnostic to the network media. For this demonstration project, the central cloud deployed in the City of San Jose?s Emergency Operations Center will control the remote edge devices, and be responsible for resilient quality testing, automatic validation, disaster assessment, resource allocation, and the automation of remote edge devices.

美国许多地区都会遭受洪水、地震和飓风等季节性和周期性自然灾害，而所有地区都可能经历技术或人为事件，导致通信中断。灾害发生后，专业应急人员必须全面了解社区的损失，以便优先考虑资源，拯救生命和保护环境。如果不能准确了解社区状况，可能导致稀缺的应急和救援资源无法有效分配。目前用于从公众收集日常应急响应信息的技术，如9-1-1电话和社交媒体，经常被灾难破坏？的影响，这可能会持续数天后的事件。能够协调应急反应和社区抗灾能力的关键因素之一是，居民、企业、学校和医院等社区成员就社区状况，如被困人员的位置、倒塌的建筑物、火灾和危险材料事故、公路损坏和交通拥堵等，与公共安全服务部门迅速沟通。解决办法是建立一个强大而有弹性的通信系统，将现有技术结合起来并加以加强。圣何塞市已经认识到灾后信息不足的可能性，这可以通过增加不同社区要素与公共安全通信的连通性来解决。由于认识到整个社区都有私人拥有的智能手机，该市正在寻求一种信息收集和传播解决方案，使智能手机用户即使在灾害情况下也能与公共安全服务保持通信。圣何塞州立大学与圣何塞紧急服务办公室（OES）合作，提出开发一种新的方法，以保持居民与公共安全服务的连接。拟议的连接和联网技术将使公民能够获得重要的服务和信息，并使他们能够向公共安全机构提供灾害评估信息。该项目还将为应急响应人员创建一个云仪表板，并创建社区状况的全面视图，从而实现有效的应急响应。该原型系统将使该市的公共安全机构能够优先考虑紧急响应需求并迅速做出反应，最大限度地减少对圣何塞市及其社区和经济的灾难性影响。美国各地破坏性事件的普遍存在使得开发弹性通信解决方案势在必行。与圣何塞市的合作为具有全国应用潜力的新技术应用提供了现实世界的合作伙伴和试验平台。随着气候变化，风暴变得更强，海平面上升，电网老化和社会中断增加，时间对于创建可靠通信连接的弹性和可访问的解决方案至关重要。探索性研究早期概念补助金（EAGER）将解决实现这一及时性必须解决的关键挑战，并提供战略和系统解决方案，以促进应急意识，管理和准备。最后，该项目的所有代码和数据都将公开发布，以支持未来的研究、开发和培训。灾难的第一响应者需要对社区的状况有一个完整的了解，以便准确评估居民的状况，并组织可用的资源来拯救生命，保护环境，防止社区遭受进一步的破坏。在正常情况下，公共安全服务依靠9-1-1电话和社交媒体从居民那里收集有关社区状况的信息。但是，在灾害情况下，这些正常的通信方式将被中断，包括固定电话和手机，互联网连接和电力。在这种情况下，必须有新的系统来替代失去的连接，使居民能够连接到公共安全应答点，并允许紧急行动中心收集和汇总跨部门的关键信息，以确保迅速开展救生行动。管理灾害易发社区风险的解决办法包括将现有技术、应用程序、数据和电子服务纳入可持续网络，即使在发生灾难性事件时也能支持应急通信。这项研究建议开发一个社区基础设施，用于可互操作的紧急连接，可以在严峻的条件下运行，提供自己的力量，并在整个社区和跨管辖边界建立联系。该项目将在当地社区部署具有多模式通信模块和外部远程无线电的边缘设备。在远程边缘设备之上提出的弹性和参与式网络框架将实现协作通信和参与式感知。为了解决当前城市应急响应人员控制和自动化远程边缘设备的能力不足，该项目将现有的云编排框架扩展到对网络媒体不可知的边缘设备。对于此示范项目，中心云部署在圣何塞市？的紧急操作中心将控制远程边缘设备，并负责弹性质量测试，自动验证，灾难评估，资源分配和远程边缘设备的自动化。