CRISP Type 2/Collaborative Research: Coordinated, Behaviorally-Aware Recovery for Transportation and Power Disruptions (CBAR-tpd)

该项目将制定一种在相互依存的电力和运输系统发生中断事件后协调恢复基础设施服务的办法。这种方法适应了基础设施物理方面的恢复中的行为适应。这一适应没有得到很好的理解，也没有与目前的恢复计划结合起来。通过更好地了解适应行为及其对不同基础设施的依赖，并协调这些基础设施的恢复，这样的框架可以帮助家庭更快地恢复生产活动。例如，如果员工不能通勤，他们可以在有电力供应的情况下远程工作。这种基础设施恢复办法有可能大大提高灾后恢复日常生产生活的效率。如果基础设施恢复是协调的，并着眼于实际需求，恢复也可能更具成本效益。为了帮助实现这些好处，该项目的土木工程师、社会科学家和计算机科学家团队将通过与联邦应急管理局、州应急管理机构、交通当局和电力公用事业公司举办的面向实践者的研讨会来传达研究成果。为弗吉尼亚理工大学加强工程多样性中心和密歇根大学底特律地区大学预科工程项目开发的多学科方法和推广活动将有助于扩大代表不足的群体的研究参与，并吸引新学生进入各自的领域。从技术上讲，该项目的目标包括：开发收集、分析和归档推文和网页的改进方法--与从官方或专门来源收集的数据相结合--以支持了解中断时行为与电力和交通基础设施之间的相互作用；通过包含适应和技术使用的活动日记收集新颖的数据；确定有关基础设施中断的信息的性质以及个人处理这些信息的方式如何影响对中断的反应和首选的权衡；确定这些行为适应如何导致或扩大交通和电力系统之间的替代相互依赖；以及制定基础设施之间协调并考虑适应的恢复战略。为了实现这些目标，该研究将使用社交媒体、官方公用事业和交通信息以及活动小组调查来开发行为和基础设施中断模型，这些模型使用优化和基于代理的建模来提供协调的、行为感知的电力和交通恢复模型。项目小组的方法具体审查了寻求替代手段实现活动目标的个人的适应情况，以及在中断期间这种适应所产生的电力和交通基础设施之间的相互依存关系。该方法被应用于一个大都市地区的案例研究。

This project will develop an approach for coordinated restoration of infrastructure services following disruptive events in interdependent power and transportation systems. This approach accommodates behavior adaptation in the recovery of physical aspects of infrastructure. This adaptation is not well understood or integrated with current restoration plans. By better understanding adaptive behaviors and their dependence on different infrastructures and coordinating recovery across these infrastructures, such a framework can help households return to productive activities faster. For instance, if employees cannot commute, they may work remotely if power is available. This approach to infrastructure restoration has the potential to substantially improve the efficiency of post-disaster return to productive daily life. If infrastructure recovery is coordinated and focuses on actual needs, restoration also may be more cost effective. To help realize these benefits, the project's team of civil engineers, social scientists, and computer scientists will convey research results through practitioner-oriented seminars held with FEMA, state emergency management agencies, transportation authorities, and electric power utilities. The multi-disciplinary approach and outreach activities developed for Virginia Tech's Center for the Enhancement of Engineering Diversity and the University of Michigan's Detroit-Area Pre-College Engineering Program will help broaden the research participation of underrepresented groups and attract new students to the respective fields. Technically, the project's objectives include: developing improved methods for collecting, analyzing, and archiving tweets and webpages - integrated with data collected from official or specialized sources - in support of understanding the interplay of behavior and power and transportation infrastructures in disruptions; collecting novel data with activity diaries that incorporate adaptation and use of technologies; determining how the nature of information about infrastructure disruptions and the way in which individuals process this information shape responses to disruptions and preferred tradeoffs; identifying how these behavior adaptations induce or magnify substitutive interdependencies between transportation and power systems; and developing recovery strategies that coordinate among the infrastructures and account for adaptation. To achieve these objectives, the study will use social media, official utility and transport information, and activity panel surveys to develop behavioral and infrastructure outage models that feed a coordinated, behaviorally-aware power and transport recovery model using optimization and agent based modeling. The project team's approach specifically examines the adaptation of individuals who pursue alternate means to accomplish an activity goal and the interdependence between power and transportation infrastructure that results from this adaptation during disruptions. This approach is applied to a case study in a metropolitan area.